Transplantable Melanomas in Hamsters and Gerbils as Models for Human Melanoma. Sensitization in Melanoma Radiotherapy—From Animal Models to Clinical Trials

Śniegocka, Martyna; Podgórska, Ewa; Płonka, Przemysław M.; Elas, Martyna; Romanowska–Dixon, Bożena; Szczygieł, Małgorzata; Żmijewski, Michał A.; Cichorek, M; Markiewicz, Anna; Brożyna, Anna A.; Słomiński, Andrzej; Urbańska, Krystyna

doi:10.3390/ijms19041048

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 192 publications

(259 reference statements)

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“…BHM melanotic Ma and SKMEL-188 cells show similar survival curves. Similar differences in response to radiation between BHM Ma and BHM Ab cells were reported for X ray irradiation, where pigmented cells (BHM Ma) were 2.4 times more radio resistant than the unpigmented (BHM Ab) ones [33]. In the case of proton radiation this characteristic is less pronounced but still marked with the ratio of mean lethal dose of 1.56.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Calcitriol and Calcidiol Can Sensitize Melanoma Cells to Low–LET Proton Beam Irradiation

Podgórska

Drzał

Matuszak

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Proton beam irradiation promises therapeutic utility in the management of uveal melanoma. Calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3)—the biologically active metabolite of vitamin D3—and its precursor, calcidiol (25(OH)D3), exert pleiotropic effects on melanoma cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of both calcitriol and calcidiol on melanoma cell proliferation and their response to proton beam irradiation. Three melanoma cell lines (human SKMEL-188 and hamster BHM Ma and BHM Ab), pre-treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 or 25(OH)D3 at graded concentrations (0, 10, 100 nM), were irradiated with 0–5 Gy and then cultured in vitro. Growth curves were determined by counting the cell number every 24 h up to 120 h, which was used to calculate surviving fractions. The obtained survival curves were analysed using two standard models: linear-quadratic and multi-target single hit. Calcitriol inhibited human melanoma proliferation at 10 nM, while only calcidiol inhibited proliferation of hamster lines at 10 and 100 nM doses. Treatment with either 1,25(OH)2D3 or 25(OH)D3 radio sensitized melanoma cells to low doses of proton beam radiation. The strength of the effect increased with the concentration of vitamin D3. Our data suggest that vitamin D3 may be an adjuvant that modifies proton beam efficiency during melanoma therapy.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Calcitriol and Calcidiol Can Sensitize Melanoma Cells to Low–LET Proton Beam Irradiation

Podgórska

Drzał

Matuszak

et al. 2018

IJMS

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“…1,25(OH) 2 D 3 has antitumor properties affecting molecular pathways involved in proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation, but can also improve effectiveness of classical anticancer therapies (163,170). Experimental cell-and animal model-based data clearly showed that vitamin D and its analogs increased the effectiveness of well-known cancer chemotherapy drugs (such as doxorubicin, cisplatinum, gemcitabine and cyclophosphamide) (171-173).…”

Section: Vitamin D and Melanoma: Experimental And Clinical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of Vitamin D in Melanoma Development, Progression and Therapy

2019

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Melanoma is one of the most lethal types of skin cancer, with a poor prognosis once the disease enters metastasis. The efficacy of currently available treatment schemes for advanced melanomas is low, expensive, and burdened by significant side-effects. Therefore, there is a need to develop new treatment options. Skin cells are able to activate vitamin D via classical and non-classical pathways. Vitamin D derivatives have anticancer properties which promote differentiation and inhibit proliferation. The role of systemic vitamin D in patients with melanoma is unclear as epidemiological studies are not definitive. In contrast, experimental data have clearly shown that vitamin D and its derivatives have anti-melanoma properties. Furthermore, molecular and clinicopathological studies have demonstrated a correlation between defects in vitamin D signaling and progression of melanoma and disease outcome. Therefore, adequate vitamin D signaling can play a role in the treatment of melanoma. Skin cells are able to activate vitamin D via classical and nonclassical metabolic pathways (1-9). Vitamin D derivatives have anticancer properties and promote differentiation and inhibit proliferation of various cells, including melanoma, the most aggressive and lethal type of skin cancer. In this review, we provide an overview on the endogenous synthesis and activation of vitamin D via classical and non-classical pathways. We also present the association of vitamin D and melanoma based on epidemiological, experimental and clinical evidence, showing that defects in vitamin D signaling correlate with progression of melanoma and disease outcome. Therefore, restoration of the adequate vitamin D signaling can play a role in melanoma therapy. 473 This article is freely accessible online.

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“…The clearest example of this is the increased spectrum of tumors observed in some GEM following exposure to carcinogens or radiation . Less popular rodent models in melanoma research, that is Syrian golden hamsters and Mongolian gerbils, are used for spontaneously occurring melanoma and for chemically induced melanoma, respectively . In particular, Syrian hamster, the Bomirski melanomas, consists of 5 transplantable in vivo‐variants and represent a good animal model for developing and testing potential melanoma vaccines .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in melanoma modelling in vitro

Marconi

Quadri

Saltari

et al. 2018

Experimental Dermatology

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Melanoma is one of the most studied neoplasia, although laboratory techniques used for investigating this tumor are not fully reliable. Animal models may not predict the human response due to differences in skin physiology and immunity. In addition, international guidelines recommend to develop processes that contribute to the reduction, refinement and replacement of animals for experiments (3Rs). Adherent cell culture has been widely used for the study of melanoma to obtain important information regarding melanoma biology. Nonetheless, these cells grow in adhesion on the culture substrate which differs considerably from the situation in vivo. Melanoma grows in a 3D spatial conformation where cells are subjected to a heterogeneous exposure to oxygen and nutrient. In addition, cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction play a crucial role in the pathobiology of the tumor as well as in the response to therapeutic agents. To better study, melanoma new techniques, including spherical models, tumorospheres and melanoma skin equivalents, have been developed. These 3D models allow to study tumors in a microenvironment that is more close to the in vivo situation and are less expensive and time-consuming than animal studies. This review will also describe the new technologies applied to skin reconstructs such as organ-on-a-chip that allows skin perfusion through microfluidic platforms. 3D in vitro models, based on the new technologies, are becoming more sophisticated, representing at a great extent the in vivo situation, the "perfect" model that will allow less involvement of animals up to their complete replacement, is still far from being achieved.

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Transplantable Melanomas in Hamsters and Gerbils as Models for Human Melanoma. Sensitization in Melanoma Radiotherapy—From Animal Models to Clinical Trials

Cited by 34 publications

References 192 publications

Calcitriol and Calcidiol Can Sensitize Melanoma Cells to Low–LET Proton Beam Irradiation

Calcitriol and Calcidiol Can Sensitize Melanoma Cells to Low–LET Proton Beam Irradiation

Relevance of Vitamin D in Melanoma Development, Progression and Therapy

Progress in melanoma modelling in vitro

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