Transplantation of xenogeneic cells secreting $beta;-endorphin for pain treatment: Analysis of the ability of components of complement to penetrate through polymer capsules

Hagihara, Yasushi; Saitoh, Youichi; Iwata, Hiroo; Taki, Takuyu; Hirano, Shin Ichi; Arita, Norio; Hayakawa, Tõru

doi:10.1016/s0963-6897(97)00076-6

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Due to a general pro-proliferative effect, calcium alginate has been extensively evaluated as a substrate for chondrocyte culture and tissue engineering of cartilage [61][62][63]. Alginate encapsulation of cells of varying type and function has also been established in numerous models [64][65][66]. Leor et al [67] have described a model of three-dimensional cardiac cell culture within an alginate based ECM.…”

Section: Alginate and Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial tissue engineering: the extracellular matrix☆

Akhyari¹,

Kamiya²,

Haverich³

et al. 2008

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery

116

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More than a decade after the first reports on successful three-dimensional cardiac cell culture for experimental and potential therapeutic application, the interest and experimental efforts in the field of myocardial tissue engineering continues to grow. The hope that tissue cultures may one day act as graft substitute for malfunctioning myocardium continues to drive current scientific activity. Against this background interest seem to have progressively shifted towards the aim of engineering single tissue components. Accordingly, elements of the extracellular matrix (ECM) have gained increasing attention as potentially crucial mediators in developing and maintaining the characteristics of three-dimensional cardiac cell cultures. The ECM is now no longer regarded as merely a scaffold for developing tissue, a concept that is widely acknowledged in modern tissue engineering. The understanding of the role of precursor and stem cells has highlighted new complicated aspects of cell proliferation and differentiation and ECM proves to play an important role in providing essential signals to influence major intracellular pathways such as proliferation, differentiation and cell metabolism. Furthermore, progress in biochemical engineering has provided the perspective of application of synthetic ECM-linked molecules with bioactive potential. With the advent and continuous refinement of cell removal techniques, a new class of native acellular ECM has emerged with some striking advantages. The presently available ECM materials aim to closely resemble the in vivo microenvironment by acting as an active component of the developing tissue construct. It is therefore not surprising that most of the focus in myocardial tissue engineering has been on cell-matrix interaction, for both naturally derived and synthetic ECM. This article provides a review of established models of myocardial tissue engineering with respect to the employed ECM materials including current frontiers in material development.

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Section: Alginate and Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial tissue engineering: the extracellular matrix☆

Akhyari¹,

Kamiya²,

Haverich³

et al. 2008

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery

116

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“…Polymer compressive strength was determined by graphing polymer-resistive pressure vs. compression (%) for each sample. 21 Compression is calculated by the following equation: where t i is the initial gel thickness and t f is the gel thickness after compression. The Instron force readings were converted to pressure to determine compressive deflection strength (CD).…”

Section: Alginate Mechanical Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,18,19 Alginate is known to exhibit minimal cytotoxic effects and reduced hemolysis when in contact with blood. [21][22][23][24] Previous alginate cell encapsulation studies attributed alginate acid content and purity to its resulting biocompatibility and strength. 14,15,18,19 Purification is believed to remove contaminants and proteins (i.e., phenols and endotoxins) that can cause an undesirable immuno-response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium alginate gel: A biocompatible and mechanically stable polymer for endovascular embolization

Becker

Kipke

Brandon

2000

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

212

148

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The development and optimization of calcium alginate for potential use in endovascular occlusion was investigated by testing its in vitro and in vivo mechanical stability and biocompatibility. The compressive resistance, rheology, and polymer yield of reacted alginate, and the polymer viscosity of unreacted alginate, were assessed. Biocompatibility was tested by injecting calcium alginate into the kidney capsule of rats. The reactivity of alginates with various structures and levels of purity were compared visually and histologically. Results suggest that calcium alginate is a biocompatible and mechanically stable gel for endovascular applications. Purified alginates exhibited compressive strength of 22 kPa and above at 40% compression, with no significant loss in elasticity. Purified alginate strength was significantly higher than that of crude alginates (p < 0.08). Purified alginates also exhibited significantly lower tissue reaction than crude alginates (p < 0.05). Of the alginates tested, purified high guluronic acid alginates (PHG) exhibited optimal strength and polymer yield, increased biocompatibility, and decreased viscosity. Clinical embolization treatments may be improved with the development of stable and biocompatible polymers such as calcium alginate. Possible uses of improved endovascular polymers include treating arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), aneurysms, blood flow to tumors, and vascular hemorrhaging.

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“…Encapsulation enables immune isolation by creating a physical barrier between the host immune system and the transplanted tissue. This is achieved via a semipermeable membrane which is restrictive enough to block cell‐to‐cell contact, and permeable enough to allow for the diffusion of oxygen [16 Daltons (Da)], nutrients [glucose, 180 Da; amino acids, 75‐204 Da], and therapeutic molecules [ie, insulin, 6 kilodaltons (kDa); dopamine, 153 Da; vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), 46 kDa] . Theoretically, encapsulation can improve the safety of cell therapies by ensuring that transplanted tissue is contained and, depending on capsule conformation, retrievable.…”

Section: Strategies To Prevent Rejectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Encapsulation enables immune isolation by creating a physical barrier between the host immune system and the transplanted tissue. This is achieved via a semipermeable membrane which is restrictive enough to block cell-to-cell contact, and permeable enough to allow for the diffusion of oxygen [ 16,[65][66][67][68][69] Theoretically, encapsulation can improve the safety of cell therapies by ensuring that transplanted tissue is contained and, depending on capsule conformation, retrievable. This is critical for clinical translation of stem cell transplants, where there may be a risk for teratoma formation.…”

Section: Encapsulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on cellular encapsulation

Smith

Johnson

Papas

2018

Xenotransplantation

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There is currently a significant disparity between the number of patients who need lifesaving transplants and the number of donated human organs. Xenotransplantation is a way to address this disparity and attempts to enable the use of xenogeneic tissues have persisted for centuries. While immunologic incompatibilities have presented a persistent impediment to their use, encapsulation may represent a way forward for the use of cell-based xenogeneic therapeutics without the need for immunosuppression. In conjunction with modern innovations such as the use of bioprinting, incorporation of immune modulating molecules into capsule membranes, and genetic engineering, the application of xenogeneic cells to treat disorders ranging from pain to liver failure is becoming increasingly realistic. The present review discusses encapsulation in the context of xenotransplantation, focusing on the current status of clinical trials, persistent issues such as antigen shedding, oxygen availability, and donor selection, and recent developments that may address these limitations.

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Transplantation of xenogeneic cells secreting $beta;-endorphin for pain treatment: Analysis of the ability of components of complement to penetrate through polymer capsules

Cited by 18 publications

References 5 publications

Myocardial tissue engineering: the extracellular matrix☆

Myocardial tissue engineering: the extracellular matrix☆

Calcium alginate gel: A biocompatible and mechanically stable polymer for endovascular embolization

Update on cellular encapsulation

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