Transport and transformation of soil-derived CO2, CH4 and DOC sustain CO2 supersaturation in small boreal streams

Rasilo, Terhi; Hutchins, Ryan H. S.; Ruiz‐González, Clara; Giorgio, Paul A. del

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.187

Cited by 103 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The lack of initial responses in such catchment inputs could explain the lack of responses in aquatic greenhouse gas emissions. However, aquatic greenhouse gas emissions are also fueled by direct catchment inputs (Rasilo et al 2017;Striegl and Michmerhuizen 1998;Öquist et al 2009). Groundwater CO2 and CH4 concentration increased in response to the clear-cut treatment (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though external sources often dominate CO2 and CH4 emissions in headwater 15 streams (Hotchkiss et al 2015;Öquist et al 2009;Jones and Mulholland 1998), soil-derived gases may only be a minor source for greenhouse gas emissions from headwaters during summer low flow conditions (Dinsmore et al 2009;Rasilo et al 2017). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In part, this is because the riparian buffer zones were wide enough to remain their wind sheltering function 20 (Table 4) and hence to prevent additional forcing on air-water gas exchange velocities. In addition, riparian zones may have acted as efficient reactors of greenhouse gases and significantly altered their concentration during transport from the hillslope to the open water (Leith et al 2015;Rasilo et al 2017, Rasilo et al 2012). This applies especially to methane which can be efficiently oxidized in the large redox gradients in riparian zones, similar to inorganic nitrogen (Blackburn et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In boreal headwater streams, metabolism can strongly regulate CO2 emissions at summer low flow conditions (Rasilo et al, 2017). Therefore, additional CO2 leaking from clear-cut soils could have been taken up by algae stimulated in growth by increased light intensities (Kiffney et al 2003;Clapcott and Barmuta 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In boreal headwaters, stream and lake CO2 and CH4 originate largely from soils (Hotchkiss et al, 2015;Rasilo et al, 2017;Weyhenmeyer et al, 2015). These soil-derived inputs typically increase after forest clear-cutting because of increased soil respiration (Bond-Lamberty et al 2004;Kowalski et al 2003) and discharge (Andréassian, 2004;Martin et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Greenhouse gas emissions from boreal inland waters unchanged after forest harvesting

Klaus¹,

Geibrink²,

Jönsson³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Forestry practices generally result in an increased export of carbon and nitrogen to downstream aquatic systems.Although these losses affect the greenhouse gas budget of managed forests, it is unknown if they modify greenhouse gas 10 emissions of recipient aquatic systems. To assess this question, we quantified atmospheric fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) of humic lakes and their inlet streams in four boreal catchments of which two were treated with forest clear-cuts followed by site preparation (18% and 44% of the catchment area) using a Before/AfterControl/Impact-experiment. We measured atmospheric gas fluxes and hydrological and physicochemical water characteristics in hillslope groundwater, along stream transects and at multiple locations in lakes at 2-hourly to biweekly intervals throughout 15 the summer season over a four year period. We found that the treatment did not significantly change greenhouse gas emissions from streams or lakes within three years of the treatment, despite significant increases of CO2 and CH4 concentrations in hillslope groundwater. Our results highlight the importance of the riparian zone-stream continuum as effective biogeochemical buffers and wind shelters to prevent greenhouse gases leaching from forest clear-cuts and evasion via downstream inland waters. These findings are representative for low productive forests located in relatively flat landscapes where forestry 20 practices cause only a limited initial impact on catchment hydrology and biogeochemistry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Greenhouse gas emissions from boreal inland waters unchanged after forest harvesting

Klaus¹,

Geibrink²,

Jönsson³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Stable Carbon Isotopes Reveal Soil‐Stream DIC Linkages in Contrasting Headwater Catchments

et al. 2018

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Large CO2 evasion to the atmosphere occurs as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is transported from soils to streams. While this physical process has been the focus of multiple studies, less is known about the underlying biogeochemical transformations that accompany this transfer of C from soils to streams. Here we used patterns in stream water and groundwater δ13C‐DIC values within three headwater catchments with contrasting land cover to identify the sources and processes regulating DIC during its transport. We found that although considerable CO2 evasion occurs as DIC is transported from soils to streams, there were also other processes affecting the DIC pool. Methane production and mixing of C sources, associated with different types and spatial distribution of peat‐rich areas within each catchment, had a significant influence on the δ13C‐DIC values in both soils and streams. These processes represent an additional control on δ13C‐DIC values and the catchment‐scale cycling of DIC across different northern landscape types. The results from this study demonstrate that the transport of DIC from soils to streams results in more than just rapid CO2 evasion to the atmosphere but also represents a channel of C transformation, which questions some of our current conceptualizations of C cycling at the landscape scale.

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The Optical, Chemical, and Molecular Dissolved Organic Matter Succession Along a Boreal Soil‐Stream‐River Continuum

et al. 2017

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Soils export large amounts of organic matter to rivers, and there are still major uncertainties concerning the composition and reactivity of this material and its fate within the fluvial network. Here we reconstructed the pattern of movement and processing of dissolved organic matter (DOM) along a soil‐stream‐river continuum under summer baseflow conditions in a boreal region of Québec (Canada), using a combination of fluorescence spectra, size exclusion chromatography and ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry. Our results show that there is a clear sequence of selective DOM degradation along the soil‐stream‐river continuum, which results in pronounced compositional shifts downstream. The soil‐stream interface was a hot spot of DOM degradation, where biopolymers and low molecular weight (LMW) compounds were selectively removed. In contrast, processing in the stream channel was dominated by the degradation of humic‐like aromatic DOM, likely driven by photolysis, with little further degradation of either biopolymers or LMW compounds. Overall, there was a high degree of coherence between the patterns observed in DOM chemical composition, optical properties, and molecular profiles, and none of these approaches pointed to measurable production of new DOM components, suggesting that the DOM pools removed during transit were likely mineralized to CO2. Our first order estimates suggest that rates of soil‐derived DOM mineralization could potentially sustain over half of the measured CO2 emissions from this stream network, with mineralization of biopolymers and humic substances contributing roughly equally to these fluvial emissions.

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Transport and transformation of soil-derived CO2, CH4 and DOC sustain CO2 supersaturation in small boreal streams

Cited by 103 publications

References 62 publications

Greenhouse gas emissions from boreal inland waters unchanged after forest harvesting

Greenhouse gas emissions from boreal inland waters unchanged after forest harvesting

Stable Carbon Isotopes Reveal Soil‐Stream DIC Linkages in Contrasting Headwater Catchments

The Optical, Chemical, and Molecular Dissolved Organic Matter Succession Along a Boreal Soil‐Stream‐River Continuum

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