Transport of electrolytes through a weak acid nanofiltration membrane: Effects of flux and crossflow velocity interpreted using a fine-porous membrane model

Xu, Xianting; Spencer, H. Garth

doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(97)00117-3

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Because nanofiltration can separate low molecular weight solutes from mineral salt solutions, the technique is very attractive for industrial applications in the food (e.g., milk concentration, whey demineralization) and pharmaceutical industries. Although the separation mechanisms are not clear, they determined by complex steric and electrical effects or electroneutrality principle (Donnan effect; Xu and Spencer, 1997). In addition, the behavior of a nano-filtration membrane is influenced by the feed solution characteristics (Mohammad and Takriff, 2003) and by the membrane material properties, including hydrophobicity, isoelectric point, and type of solute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Behavior of Two Nanofiltration Membranes for Sweet Whey Demineralization

Cuartas-Uribe

Alcaina–Miranda

Soriano-Costa

et al. 2007

Journal of Dairy Science

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Nanofiltration is a process used to separate mineral salts from lactose, having previously removed the proteins by ultrafiltration. Both proteins and lactose can be used as raw materials to prepare a variety of products. In this paper, we studied the feasibility of demineralizing sweet whey obtained from the cheese industry of the Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) using membrane technologies. The NF200 membrane showed the highest volumetric flux and solute rejection values, whereas the DS-5 DL membrane showed the lowest values. The volumetric fluxes obtained with the NF200 and DS-5 DL membranes in these experiments with the ultra-filtered whey demonstrated significant differences between membranes. Concerning solute rejection, the highest values were obtained using the NF200 membrane. The chosen parameter to evaluate the demineralization capability was solute flux. In this way, the values obtained for chloride ion were 9.90 and 32.42 g/(m2 x h) for the NF200 and DS-5 DL membranes, respectively, with the highest demineralization rates being achieved with the DS-5 DL membrane.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Behavior of Two Nanofiltration Membranes for Sweet Whey Demineralization

Cuartas-Uribe

Alcaina–Miranda

Soriano-Costa

et al. 2007

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…This indicates co-ion adsorption on the membrane and, in fact, the effective membrane charge was described as a Freundlich isotherm being function of bulk concentration by Bowen and Mukhtar (Bowen & Mukhtar, 1996). The Fine Porous Model, as presented by Xu and Spencer (Xu & Spencer, 1997), describes the equilibrium and non-equilibrium factors of rejection. Only coupling between solvent and solute is taken into account, and no solute-solute coupling is permitted.…”

Section: Filtration Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropollutant Degradation Mechanism

Tepuš¹,

Petrinić²,

Simonič³

2011

Pesticides - Formulations, Effects, Fate

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“…Szaniawska and Spencer (1994,1995, 1997 and Diaper et al (1998) have applied the well-known thermodynamic descriptions of the performance of reverse osmosis membranes to dynamic membranes. Xu and Spencer (1997a) considered dynamic membranes to have nanofiltration characteristics and have chosen a corresponding model from the literature.…”

Section: Overview Of Dm Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further analysis of these results in terms of friction factors in the system provides additional information about the interaction of the two solutes with each other and with the solvent and membrane interface (Szaniawska and Spencer 1997). Xu and Spencer (1997a) applied a one-dimensional fine-porous ultrafiltration membrane model by Tsapiuk et al (1990) to the nanofiltration of salts and dyes by dynamic membranes. Since the model is one-dimensional, it does not take into account interactions between different solutes in the system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%