Transportation Modeling of Conservative Pollutant in a River with Weirs - The Nakdong River Case

Lee, Jungwoo; Bae, Sunim; Lee, Dong-Ryul; Seo, Dongil

doi:10.4491/ksee.2014.36.12.821

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There are four weirs in the study area, including the Sangju Weir, the Nakdan Weir, the Gumi Weir, and the Chilgok Weir. Given that the intake facilities for drinking water are located between two cross sections of the Gumi Weir and the Chilgok Weir [45], the water quality for this district should be managed properly. Table 2 shows the details of four weirs [39,46].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality Modelling for Nitrate Nitrogen Control Using HEC-RAS: Case Study of Nakdong River in South Korea

Kim

Jonoski²,

Solomatine³

et al. 2023

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provide guidelines on the maximum levels of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) contained in drinking water since excess nitrate ingestion may harm human health. Thus, monitoring and controlling the NO3-N concentration is of paramount importance, especially in sources of drinking water such as the Nakdong River in South Korea. This study addresses NO3-N pollution in the Nakdong River in South Korea, where such pollution mostly comes from diffuse sources in the catchment due to the agricultural use of fertilizers. The objective of this study is to suggest guidelines for designing strategies to control NO3-N in this river using a process-based model developed with HEC-RAS. The model was built based on water quality parameters (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, etc.) related to NO3-N dynamics incorporating hydraulic and meteorological data. This model simulated NO3-N dynamics downstream under 55 scenarios while focusing on a section near locations of drinking water intakes. The scenarios were constructed based on variations in water quantity and quality upstream. The simulation results showed that the peak concentration of NO3-N downstream could be directly controlled by limiting the NO3-N concentration upstream. Additionally, control of the flow rate upstream could also lead to a reduction in the overall average concentration of NO3-N downstream, but this predominantly occurred when the NO3-N concentration was decreasing. In conclusion, the design and implementation of strategies for the control of NO3-N downstream should be carried out after performing a quantitative analysis of the impact of different control measures for different downstream conditions using a water quality model.

show abstract

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality Modelling for Nitrate Nitrogen Control Using HEC-RAS: Case Study of Nakdong River in South Korea

Kim

Jonoski²,

Solomatine³

et al. 2023

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Secondly, the Imha Reservoir is equipped with an SWF [31,32], which enables the control of the quality of water released to the downstream river. Finally, the Chilgok Weir is close to the intake facilities for drinking water [37], making the management of water quality at Chilgok Weir a critical issue. A monitoring station for water quality data, including cyanobacterial cell density, is located 500 m upstream of the Chilgok Weir [7].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision Support Framework for Optimal Reservoir Operation to Mitigate Cyanobacterial Blooms in Rivers

Kim,

Jonoski,

Solomatine

et al. 2023

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flow control flushing water from reservoirs has been imposed in South Korea for mitigating harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs) in rivers. This measure, however, can cause water shortage in reservoirs, as the measure adopting this flow control may require an additional amount of water which exceeds the water demand allocated to the reservoirs. In terms of sustainability, a trade-off between improving water quality and alleviating water shortage needs to be considered. This study aimed at establishing a practical framework for a decision support system for optimal joint operation of the upstream reservoirs (Andong and Imha) to reduce the frequency of CyanoHABs in the Nakdong River, South Korea. Methodologically, three models were introduced: (1) a machine learning model (accuracy 88%) based on the k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm to predict the occurrence of CyanoHABs at a selected downstream location (the Chilgok Weir located approximately 140 km downstream from the Andong Dam), (2) a multiobjective optimization model employing NSGA-II (Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II) to determine both the quantity and quality of water released from the reservoirs, and (3) a river water quality model (R2 0.79) using HEC-RAS to simulate the water quality parameter at Chilgok Weir according to given upstream boundary conditions. The applicability of the framework was demonstrated by simulation results using observational data from 2015 to 2019. The simulation results based on the framework confirmed that the frequency of CyanoHABs would be decreased compared with the number of days when CyanoHABs were observed at Chilgok Weir. This framework, with a combination of several models, is a novelty in terms of efficiency, and it can be a part of a solution to the problem of CyanoHABs without using an additional amount of water from a reservoir.

show abstract

“…However, owing to rapid industrialization, industrial facilities have become heavily concentrated in the middle and upper reaches of the Nakdong River, the primary source of drinking water [ 9 , 10 ]. This suggests that severe problems could arise if harmful chemicals leak in large quantities and contaminate the raw water source due to chemical accidents, especially if subsequent measurements or predictions cannot be conducted rapidly [ 11 ]. A major chemical accident in the Nakdong River occurred on 13 March 1991; 30 tons of phenol stock from Doosan Electronics, Gyeongsangbuk-do, spilled into the mainstream of the Nakdong River over approximately 8 h [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Detection of Hazardous Chemicals Using Alternative Sensors in the Water Environment

Nam

Kim

et al. 2022

Toxics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemical accidents in rivers may be triggered by natural or anthropogenic causes and refer to the flow of large quantities of hazardous chemicals into rivers. In South Korea, domestic water is sourced from large rivers, such as the Nakdong River. However, owing to rapid industrialization, industrial facilities have become heavily concentrated in the middle and upper reaches of the Nakdong River. Therefore, severe problems could arise if harmful chemicals are leaked from industrial facilities into the river, and this contaminated river water is supplied to cities. Quantitative evaluation based on instrumental analysis during chemical accidents and prediction research based on modeling is actively being conducted however, research on the initial response is insufficient. Therefore, in this study, the variations in pH and EC were analyzed according to their chemical concentrations for seven chemicals. These seven chemicals are designated accident-preparedness substances that frequently cause chemical spills in South Korea. Additionally, we evaluated the possibility of identifying unknown substances by comparing the variations in pH and EC and statistics while diluting unknown substances. Thus, the potential of pH and EC as alternative indicators for detecting and identifying chemicals was evaluated in this study. NaF, NH4HF2, NaCN, and NH4OH were classified by comparing their spatial distributions in a pH-EC relation curve. However, H2SO4, HCl, and SOCl2 showed similar spatial distributions in the pH-EC curves and were difficult to identify. The results of this study provide information for chemical detection and identification using alternative sensors that permit easy and rapid field measurements in the event of a chemical spill and could be used as preliminary data for rapidly responding to accidents.

show abstract

Transportation Modeling of Conservative Pollutant in a River with Weirs - The Nakdong River Case

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Water Quality Modelling for Nitrate Nitrogen Control Using HEC-RAS: Case Study of Nakdong River in South Korea

Water Quality Modelling for Nitrate Nitrogen Control Using HEC-RAS: Case Study of Nakdong River in South Korea

Decision Support Framework for Optimal Reservoir Operation to Mitigate Cyanobacterial Blooms in Rivers

Experimental Study on the Detection of Hazardous Chemicals Using Alternative Sensors in the Water Environment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About