Transverse effects in a microchip laser with asymmetric end-pumping: modal interference and dynamic instability

Investigation on the Formation of Laser Transverse Pattern Possessing Optical Lattices

“…A6 in Supplementary Appendix SA. This is different from the previous understanding that all dark areas have phase singularities [15,16]. For beams with intensity distribution similar to OL, it may be a non-TML superposition state of several HG modes.…”

“…The further generation laws of OVL are summarized in Refs. [15][16][17]; that is, by actively selective pumping and gain distribution such as adjusting the pump power, pump distance, and the size of pump spot on the gain crystal, the OVL patterns from low order to high order could be generated and switched. Optical lattices with special transverse distribution play an important part in atomic cooling and trapping [18][19][20], whereas the OVLs with unique phase singularity have also broadened the applications in particle manipulation [21][22][23][24][25], quantum entanglement [26], and optical communications [27][28][29].…”

Self-acousto-optic modulation and orthogonality violation in the transverse modes of a broad-area Nd-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet single-shot laser

“…Therefore, a system of ordinary differential equations for the amplitudes of those modes must be integrated [19]. The theoretical analysis performed in previous works on NOMs [9,20] relies on this approach. However, although useful to reproduce the temporal dynamics found in the lasers studied (such as chaotic relaxation oscillations or breathing modes), it imposes the modal-beat-mediated modulation of the output intensity from the beginning.…”

Self-Induced Instabilities in Nd:Y3Al5O12Ceramic Lasers

“…We have reported high-speed pulsations observed in a highly-doped Nd:YAG ceramic laser and a plausible explanation was given in terms of the increased grain boundaries in the sample 10) and the modal-interference-induced modulations of lasers. 11,12) To identify the dominant physical origin, we examined dynamic behaviors using differently Nd-doped ceramics by changing the pump position in the same LD pumping scheme using a microscope objective lens of M ¼ 10Â. In this examination, the averaged pump beam diameter within the sample was about 80 mm.…”

“…This contrasts with LNP lasers with asymmetric pumping, where the thermal lens effect (asymmetric refractive-index potential for lasing fields) depends on the pump power. 11,12) Therefore, the structure of grain boundaries in ceramics rather than the lens effect plays a dominant role in In this case, the laser is modulated at two frequencies which correspond to frequency separations of different nonorthogonal mode pairs. Let us finally show self-induced instabilities observed in the 5 at.…”