Trap Location and Premises Condition Influences on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Catches Using Biogents Sentinel Traps During a ‘Rear and Release’ Program: Implications for Designing Surveillance Programs

Staunton, Kyran M.; Yeeles, Peter; Townsend, Michael; Nowrouzi, Somayeh; Paton, Christopher J.; Trewin, Brendan J; Pagendam, Dan; Bondarenco, Artiom; Devine, Gregor J.; Snoad, Nigel; Beebe, Nigel W.; Ritchie, Scott A.

doi:10.1093/jme/tjz018

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…aegypti, the trapping efficacy of the inverted BG-Suna trap, the BG-Sentinel 2 trap (Biogents), the MM-X trap (American Biophysics Cooperation, North Kingstown, RI, USA), and the CDC-light trap (John W. Hock Company, Gainesville, FL, USA) was compared. The BG-Sentinel trap is described as the gold standard for Aedes surveillance, using visual and olfactory cues and outperforming many other traps [24,35]. The MM-X trap proved to be very effective for trapping An.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation and field validation of odour-baited traps for surveillance of Aedes aegypti adults in Paramaribo, Suriname

Visser

Cock

Hiwat³

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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Background: Emerging arboviral diseases like Zika, dengue and chikungunya that are transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, are increasingly threatening human health. Blends of human-like synthetic chemical attractants can be used to attract host-seeking mosquitoes. The aim of this study was to test new combinations of traps and odour baits in the laboratory, followed by testing the best candidates in the field to improve Ae. aegypti monitoring and surveillance.Methods: First, the BG-Suna trap was evaluated for capturing laboratory-reared Ae. aegypti by testing normal and inverted positions in screen cage tests. Secondly, the attractiveness of the MB5 blend, CO 2 , and their combination was tested. Thirdly, we tested the attractiveness of different trap types (BG-Suna, BG-Sentinel, MM-X and CDC light trap). Finally, we confirmed laboratory results in the field in Paramaribo, Suriname, using the MB5 and BG-Lure odour blends, CO 2 and the BG-Sentinel and BG-Bowl trap using a Latin Square design. Results:The MB5 blend in combination with CO 2 outperformed traps baited only with CO 2 or MB5 in screen cage tests (P < 0.0001). The BG-Sentinel trap performed equally well as the inverted BG-Suna and was taken to the field (P = 0.729). In the field, we captured Ae. aegypti, Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. nigripalpus. We confirmed the laboratory results and found that the combination of the MB5 blend and CO 2 almost doubled Ae. aegypti female captures (P = 0.004) and more than doubled Culex spp. female captures (P = 0.005) compared to using only CO 2 . Interestingly, the MB5 blend outperformed the commercially available BG-Lure, in the BG-Sentinel (P < 0.001). The BG-Bowl also attracted Ae. aegypti when baited with the MB5 blend in similar numbers as the BG-Sentinel baited with the MB5 (P = 0.362). Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that the BG-Sentinel trap baited with the MB5 blend and CO 2 outperforms the current golden standard (BG-Sentinel trap with BG-Lure) for monitoring Ae. aegypti females and males, in both laboratory and field experiments. The BG-Bowl baited with the MB5 blend is a good candidate for home use. Finally, the results show that CO 2 is an indispensable component of the attractive blend.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation and field validation of odour-baited traps for surveillance of Aedes aegypti adults in Paramaribo, Suriname

Visser

Cock

Hiwat³

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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“…aegypti, releases of two Wolbachia strains are currently underway. Mosquitoes with the wAlbB infection have been released for population replacement in Malaysia [9] and for population suppression in Australia [10], Singapore (https://www.nea.gov.sg/corporatefunctions/resources/research/wolbachia-aedes-mosquito-suppression-strategy/projectwolbachia-singapore) and the USA (https://verily.com/projects/interventions/debug/). Releases of the wMel strain for population replacement have been undertaken in at least 10 countries including Australia and Brazil [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heatwaves cause fluctuations in wMel Wolbachia densities and frequencies in Aedes aegypti

et al. 2020

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Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with the wMel strain of Wolbachia are being released into natural mosquito populations in the tropics as a way of reducing dengue transmission. High temperatures adversely affect wMel, reducing Wolbachia density and cytoplasmic incompatibility in some larval habitats that experience large temperature fluctuations. We monitored the impact of a 43.6˚C heatwave on the wMel infection in a natural population in Cairns, Australia, where wMel was first released in 2011 and has persisted at a high frequency. Wolbachia infection frequencies in the month following the heatwave were reduced to 83% in larvae sampled directly from field habitats and 88% in eggs collected from ovitraps, but recovered to be near 100% four months later. Effects of the heatwave on wMel appeared to be stage-specific and delayed, with reduced frequencies and densities in fieldcollected larvae and adults reared from ovitraps but higher frequencies in field-collected adults. Laboratory experiments showed that the effects of heatwaves on cytoplasmic incompatibility and density are life stage-specific, with first instar larvae being the most vulnerable to temperature effects. Our results indicate that heatwaves in wMel-infected populations will have only temporary effects on Wolbachia frequencies and density once the infection has established in the population. Our results are relevant to ongoing releases of wMel-infected Ae. aegypti in several tropical countries.

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“…While the findings of Staunton, Yeeles (15) are informative for the northern Australian urban environment, they may not directly apply to the Californian Ae. aegypti habitat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Rear and release programs commonly deploy the Biogents Sentinel (Regensburg, Germany; hereinafter BGS) trap to survey mosquito populations and monitor success [8,9,12,15]. The BGS trap is known as the gold standard for sampling Aedes mosquitoes and has been shown to outperform many other traps [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, few studies have evaluated the effects of environmental influences on BGS trap collection rates. An exception is recent work by Staunton, Yeeles (15), which evaluated the influences of premises condition and trap location factors during the Debug Innisfail "rear and release" program in northern Australia (https://research.csiro.au/mozzieproject/). Staunton,Yeeles (15) found that, in control sites (where male mosquitoes were not released), the condition of a house and whether or not it had screened windows influenced trap catch rates, as well as trap location factors such as the shelter above the trap, distance from outside sitting areas, and the visual complexity of the trap environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental influences on Aedes aegypti catches in Biogents Sentinel traps during a Californian “rear and release” program: Implications for designing surveillance programs

et al. 2020

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As Aedes aegypti continues to expand its global distribution, the diseases it vectors (dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever) are of increasing concern. Modern efforts to control this species include "rear and release" strategies where lab-reared mosquitoes are distributed throughout the landscape to replace or suppress invasive populations. These programs require intensive surveillance efforts to monitor their success, and the Biogents Sentinel (BGS) trap is one of the most effective tools for sampling adult Ae. aegypti. BGS trap catches can be highly variable throughout landscapes, so we investigated the potential impacts of environmental factors on adult Ae. aegypti capture rates during a "rear and release" program in California to better understand the relative contributions of true variability in population density across a landscape and trap context. We recorded male and female Ae. aegypti catches from BGS traps, with and without CO 2 , throughout control sites where no mosquitoes were released and in treatment sites where males infected with Wolbachia were released. BGS trap catches were positively influenced by higher proportions of shade or bushes in the front yard of the premises as well as the presence of potential larval habitats such as subterranean vaults. In contrast, an increase in residential habitat within a 100 m radius of trap locations negatively influenced BGS trap catches. For male Ae. aegypti, increased visual complexity of the trap location positively influenced capture rates, and the presence of yard drains negatively affected catch rates in control sites. Lastly, for BGS traps using CO 2 , higher catch rates were noted from traps placed greater than one meter from walls or fences for both male and female mosquitoes. These results have important implications for surveillance programs of Ae. aegypti throughout the Californian urban environment including adult monitoring during "rear and release" programs.

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Trap Location and Premises Condition Influences on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Catches Using Biogents Sentinel Traps During a ‘Rear and Release’ Program: Implications for Designing Surveillance Programs

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Optimisation and field validation of odour-baited traps for surveillance of Aedes aegypti adults in Paramaribo, Suriname

Optimisation and field validation of odour-baited traps for surveillance of Aedes aegypti adults in Paramaribo, Suriname

Heatwaves cause fluctuations in wMel Wolbachia densities and frequencies in Aedes aegypti

Environmental influences on Aedes aegypti catches in Biogents Sentinel traps during a Californian “rear and release” program: Implications for designing surveillance programs

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