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The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) is an important food in Mexico that provides both macronutrients and bioactive substances that are beneficial for the health of its consumers, in particular it provides polyphenolic compounds such as anthocyanins that make it a functional food; the objective of the present work was to evaluate the content of polyphenols and their ferric iron reducing activity of beans grown in the Municipality of Hopelchen, Campeche (Mexico) to characterize their agronomic and alimentary value. The morphometric parameters of length, width, thickness, weight and volume were measured; An aqueous maceration of the bean seeds was carried out in an acid medium (0.1 M HCl) and the content of polyphenols (Folin Ciocalteu Method), anthocyanins (visible spectrophotometry) and determination of the Reducing Iron Power (FRAP, by the method of TPTZ) of the aqueous extracts. It was found that the concentration of anthocyanins correlates with the total content of polyphenols and with the reducing activity of the ferric ion, the aqueous extracts obtained had a content of total phenols of 413 mg EAG/100g of seed, of anthocyanins of 42 mg MGE/100 g of seed and an iron reducing power of 10.26 mol of Fe2+/g of seed. The morphometric characteristics and the polyphenol content of the Hopelchén bean demonstrate that the harvested grain is of good quality and corresponds to the expected values for this food.
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) is an important food in Mexico that provides both macronutrients and bioactive substances that are beneficial for the health of its consumers, in particular it provides polyphenolic compounds such as anthocyanins that make it a functional food; the objective of the present work was to evaluate the content of polyphenols and their ferric iron reducing activity of beans grown in the Municipality of Hopelchen, Campeche (Mexico) to characterize their agronomic and alimentary value. The morphometric parameters of length, width, thickness, weight and volume were measured; An aqueous maceration of the bean seeds was carried out in an acid medium (0.1 M HCl) and the content of polyphenols (Folin Ciocalteu Method), anthocyanins (visible spectrophotometry) and determination of the Reducing Iron Power (FRAP, by the method of TPTZ) of the aqueous extracts. It was found that the concentration of anthocyanins correlates with the total content of polyphenols and with the reducing activity of the ferric ion, the aqueous extracts obtained had a content of total phenols of 413 mg EAG/100g of seed, of anthocyanins of 42 mg MGE/100 g of seed and an iron reducing power of 10.26 mol of Fe2+/g of seed. The morphometric characteristics and the polyphenol content of the Hopelchén bean demonstrate that the harvested grain is of good quality and corresponds to the expected values for this food.
Stroke is among the leading causes of mortality and disability; therefore, it constitutes a relevant health problem. Cuban policosanol presents lipid-lowering, antiplatelet, antioxidant and vascular endothelium protective properties, all of which give it a comprehensive anti-atherosclerotic effect. This review is aimed to show, analyze and discuss the main preclinical and clinical evidence of the effects of Cuban policosanol on ischemic stroke. Preclinical studies evidenced the anti-ischemic effects of preventive and therapeutic oral treatment with Cuban policosanol in Mongolian gerbils with cerebral ischemia induced by unilateral and permanent ligation of a carotid artery, and in global cerebral ischemia induced by bilateral clamping and recirculation of both carotids; being similar or superior to other anti-ischemic agents. Also, combination therapy with aspirin produced greater anti-stroke efficacy compared with aspirin monotherapy, but being similar to policosanol plus atorvastatin combination. This anti-stroke effect was associated to a serum thromboxane A2 (TxA2) concentrations reduction and prostacyclin (PgI2) increase, leading to a favorable TxA2/PgI2 balance, and also to the malondialdehyde (MDA) and sulfhydryl groups (SHG, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation markers, respectively) reduction. Cuban policosanol combined with aspirin (standard therapy) improved and benefited patients with prior ischemic stroke in terms of functional and neurological outcomes, in open-label studies and in randomized, double-blind, controlled studies. These beneficial effects on stroke patients were associated with antioxidant and antiplatelet effects of policosanol. Also, the combinations of Cuban policosanol plus aspirin and atorvastatin plus aspirin compared in a clinical study significantly and similarly improved the neurological recovery of patients with ischemic stroke. Cuban policosanol was safe and well tolerated, with no serious adverse events occurring during the trials. In conclusion, Cuban policosanol is a safe and effective natural drug for ischemic stroke treatment, which is supported by preclinical and clinical evidences.
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