Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, and physical illness: Findings from the general population

Spitzer, C.; Barrow, S.; Volzke, H.; John, U.; Freyberger, H. J.; Grabe, H. J.

doi:10.1037/e717682011-005

Cited by 26 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…For example, large community studies found that subjects with PTSD had a three times higher risk for asthma and COPD than those without PTSD [3,11]. Similar results were found in primary care patients [16].…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study relating traumatic stress and PTSD to objective parameters of pulmonary function testing, extending prior research suggesting an association between trauma, PTSD and self-reported pulmonary disease [3,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. We found that PTSD was much more strongly linked with almost all asthma-like symptoms than trauma exposure alone, which is consistent with other studies [3,[11][12][13][14][15] Before discussing the possible mechanisms linking traumatic stress and PTSD with airflow limitation, it has to be emphasised that our results are puzzling in that they do not follow a consistent pattern.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…childhood maltreatment or combat experience, and poor physical health, particularly pulmonary diseases such as asthma and chronic bronchitis [1][2][3]. For instance, studies of adult general population samples found a graded relationship between the numbers of childhood adversities and the risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [4][5][6] and asthma [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of airflow limitation with trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder

Spitzer¹,

Koch²,

Grabe³

et al. 2010

Eur Respir J

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Trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with self-reported asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, these conditions have not yet been related to objective measures of lung function.1,772 adults from the general population were assessed regarding their medical histories and spirometric lung function. Additionally, they were administered a PTSD interview, and assigned to three groups: no trauma; trauma, but no PTSD; and trauma with PTSD.Adjusting for sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle factors, subjects with PTSD had significantly higher odds ratios for most asthma-related symptoms than PTSD-negative participants (OR 3.2-8.8). The mean ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) was lowest in the PTSD group and highest in those without trauma exposure. Traumatic stress was independently associated with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC. Participants with PTSD, compared with those without, had a significantly increased risk for airflow limitation independent of its definition .This is the first study relating traumatic stress and PTSD, respectively, to objective parameters of lung function. Our findings suggest an association of trauma exposure and PTSD with airflow limitation, which may be mediated by inflammatory processes.

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supporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of airflow limitation with trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder

Spitzer¹,

Koch²,

Grabe³

et al. 2010

Eur Respir J

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“…9 Increased trauma exposure has been linked to disproportionate physical health burdens, including chronic physical symptoms, poorer health perceptions, and higher rates of neurological and cardiovascular problems (e.g., heart failure, and stroke). 8,10,11 Furthermore, women with SUDs and co-occurring PTSD are more likely, than those without PTSD, to be diagnosed with a mood disorder, to report higher rates of depressive symptoms, and to have attempted suicide. 12 Due to the greater likelihood of women presenting to general medical settings before they present for SUD treatment, primary care providers may have increased access to earlier screening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Health Problems, and Depression Among African American Women in Residential Substance Use Treatment

Meshberg‐Cohen

Presseau

Thacker

et al. 2016

Journal of Women's Health

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Background: Rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are high among women seeking treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs). Minority women, in particular, experience high rates of trauma and may be less likely to disclose trauma history. This article identifies items from pre-existing screening measures that can be used across settings to sensitively but noninvasively identify women with likely PTSD. Method: For a sample of 104 African American women in residential SUD treatment who provided informed consent as a part of a larger randomized clinical trial, the prevalence of trauma and PTSD, as well as the relationships between trauma, health, depression, and distress, was examined. Measures included Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), Pennebaker Inventory of Limbic Languidness (PILL), and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Additional analyses were undertaken to determine if a subset of noninvasive items could serve to identify the presence of a probable PTSD diagnosis. Results: Most women (94.2%) reported at least one lifetime trauma, with over half (51.0%) meeting DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. Women with greater trauma symptom severity reported more health problems and higher levels of depression and distress. Five BSI items and one CES-D item were significantly associated with a probable PTSD diagnosis with a sensitivity of 88.7%, a specificity of 66.7%, a positive predictive value of 73.4%, a negative predictive value of 85.0%, and an accuracy of 77.9%. Conclusion: Findings affirm that African American women with SUDs present for residential treatment with comorbid psychiatric and emotional conditions that warrant assessment and treatment. Results highlight potential benefits of brief screening with routine measures and coordinated access to ancillary psychiatric and medical services, in conjunction with substance treatment, such as in residential or primary care.

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“…Ainsi, rappelons que l'événement traumatique est directement lié à la clinique de l'ÉSPT, qui est lui même la cible de soins à la fois pharmacologiques et psychothérapeutiques. De ce repérage systématique de la clinique post-traumatique découlera la prise en compte des comorbidités psychiatriques (Hegarty et al, 2004, p. 621 ;Afifi et al, 2012, p. 184 ;Zanarini et al, 2011, p. 349), notamment les conduites suicidaires (Godet-Mardirossian et al, 2011, p. 942 ;Stevens et al, 2013), des comorbidités addictologiques (Lawson et al, 2013, p. 127, ;Read et al, 2004Read et al, , p. 1665 et somatiques (Paras et al, 2009, p. 550 ;Spitzer et al, 2009Spitzer et al, , p. 1012Coughlin, S., 2011, p. 164), des conséquences sociales et économiques (Fang et al, 2012, p. 156)… Ainsi, en psychiatrie, Thompson et al (2010, p. 84) retrouvent dans une population de 92 patients (dont 56,5 % présentaient une dépression) 35,9 % d'expositions à des agressions sexuelles. Dans l'étude de Glover et al (2010de Glover et al ( , p. 1018) qui interrogeaient, avec la Life Events Checklist, les antécédents traumatiques de 977 patients (dont 70 % ont un trouble dépressif), les auteurs ont retrouvé 25 % de victimes d'agressions (dont 17 % physiques, 7 % sexuelles, 16 % avec armes ; Glover et al, 2010Glover et al, , p. 1018 (Brown et Lefaucheur, 2011, p. 73 ;Zanarini et al, 2011, p. 349 ;Ladois Do Pilar Rei, A., 2012, p. 83 ;Coid et al, 2001, p. 450 Ce chiffre représente le double du taux national français (7,7 ‰).…”

Section: Psychiatrie Et éVénements Traumatiquesunclassified

Premières identifications d’un profil traumatique chez des patients hospitalisés en psychiatrie en Martinique

Evans

Vacher

Lamy

et al. 2014

smq

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La population hospitalisée en psychiatrie apparaît davantage exposée à des événements traumatiques que la population française en général, avec plus particulièrement des agressions à caractère sexuel. Notre objectif principal est de décrire la population hospitalisée en psychiatrie et en particulier l’histoire traumatique des patients, les comorbidités associées (psychiatriques et addictologiques) ainsi que le niveau socioéconomique. Cette étude descriptive, transversale et rétrospective a été réalisée au Centre de crise du Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Martinique de février à juillet 2013. Un questionnaire socioéconomique, le Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0, le Trauma History Questionnaire et le questionnaire Impact Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) ont été réalisés de façon aléatoire auprès de 49 des 143 patients admis sur cette période (soit 34,3 %). Dans notre échantillon, une moyenne de 6,5 types différents d’événements traumatiques a été établie (écart-type = 4,2) : 38,8 % des patients rapportent un traumatisme à la suite d’une catastrophe naturelle, et 38,8 % déclarent au moins une agression sexuelle. Parmi les 25 patients souffrant de syndrome de stress post-traumatique, 66,7 % ont subi une agression sexuelle dans l’enfance, avant l’âge de 10 ans (P = 0,01), et dans l’adolescence, entre 10 et 18 ans (P = 0,01). Ces résultats soulignent l’importance d’interroger systématiquement le profil traumatique, c’est-à-dire l’association entre les événements traumatiques et leur retentissement clinique.The population hospitalised in psychiatry seems more exposed to traumatic events than the French general population, with particularly more sexual aggressions. The aim of this study is to describe the population hospitalised in psychiatry and more precisely the traumatic history of these patients, their comorbidities (mental diseases and addictions), and socio economical level. This descriptive, cross sectional and retrospective study took place in the Crisis Center in the University Hospital in Martinique (French West Indies), from February to July 2013. A socio-demographic information, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0, the Trauma History Questionnaire and the Impact Events Scale-Revised were realised with 49 of the 143 patients admitted during this period (34.3%). In this population, we found a mean of 6.5 (standart-deviation=4.2) different types of traumatic event, with 38.8% patients reporting a natural disaster, and 38.8% declaring at least one sexual aggression. In the 25 patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, 66.7% underwent a sexual aggression, significatively during childhood (before 10 years old, P=0.01), and during adolescence (between 10 to 18 years old, P=0.01). These results underline the importance of a systematic screening of the traumatic profile: the characteristics of the traumatic events and its clinical impact

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Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, and physical illness: Findings from the general population

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Association of airflow limitation with trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder

Association of airflow limitation with trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Health Problems, and Depression Among African American Women in Residential Substance Use Treatment

Premières identifications d’un profil traumatique chez des patients hospitalisés en psychiatrie en Martinique

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