Traumatic events and suicidal behaviour in the Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Well‐Being

Uwakwe, Richard; Oladeji, Bibilola D.; Gureje, Oye

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01852.x

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In this study, NLEs had higher incidence in suicide attempters than in controls across all four time periods. We also found a dose-response relationship between number of NLEs and attempted suicide, consistent with previous studies [ 8 , 31 – 33 ]. As a risk factor, NLEs may directly cause attempted suicide as a solution or avoidance of the difficulties and stress derived from them, or indirectly facilitate the behavior by generating and aggravating psychiatric symptoms [ 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Negative Life Events and Attempted Suicide in Rural China

et al. 2015

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association between negative life events (NLEs) and attempted suicide in rural China.MethodsSix rural counties were selected from disease surveillance points in Shandong province, China. A total of 409 suicide attempters in rural areas between October 1, 2009, and March 31, 2011, and an equal number of matched controls were interviewed. We compared negative life events experienced within 1 month, 1–3 months, 3–6months, and 6–2 months prior to attempted suicide for cases and prior to interview for controls. We used multivariate logistic regression to examine the association between NLEs and attempted suicide.ResultsSuicide attempters experienced more NLEs within the last year prior to suicide attempt than controls prior to interview (83.1% vs. 33.5%). There was a significant dose-response relationship between NLEs experienced within the last year and increased risk of attempted suicide. Timing of NLEs analysis showed that NLEs experienced in the last month and 6–12 months prior to suicide attempt were significantly associated with elevated risk of attempted suicide, even after adjusting for mental disorders and demographic factors. Of NLEs, quarrelling with spouse, quarrelling with other family members, conflicting with friends or neighbors, family financial difficulty, and serious illness were independently related to attempted suicide.ConclusionNLEs are significantly associated with increased risk for attempted suicide in rural China. Stress management and intervention may be important to prevent suicidal behavior in rural China.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Negative Life Events and Attempted Suicide in Rural China

et al. 2015

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“…This loss of association seen in the final multivariate model suggests that other factors, such as personality dimensions and psychiatric disorders, have a mediating and/or moderating effect on suicidality [ 46 – 48 ], attenuating the correlation between childhood adversity and suicidality. Similar results were obtained in a worldwide cross-national survey [ 7 ], as well as in studies conducted in underdeveloped countries such as South Africa and Nigeria [ 49 ] [ 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…One example of such bias could be the low prevalence of sexual abuse, which suggests under-reporting. In the present study, the rates of sexual abuse were low and were comparable to those reported in studies conducted in South Africa (0.7–2.1%), Nigeria (1.4 to 4.8%), Lebanon (0.4%), and Japan (0.5%) [ 49 , 50 , 59 , 60 ], all of which used methodologies analogous to that used here. That might have resulted in an underestimation of the association between childhood adversities and suicidality.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Do Childhood Adversities Predict Suicidality? Findings from the General Population of the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2016

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BackgroundChildhood adversities have been associated with a number of medical and psychiatric outcomes. However, the reported effects that specific childhood adversities have on suicidality vary across studies.MethodThis was a cross-sectional, stratified, multistage area probability investigation of a general population in Brazil, designated the São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey. The World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview was applied in 5037 individuals ≥ 18 years of age, in order to assess 12 different adversities occurring during childhood and/or adolescence, as well as to look for associations between those adversities and subsequent suicidality in different age strata.ResultsOver half of the respondents reported at least one childhood adversity. Only physical abuse was consistently associated with suicide attempts in all subsequent life stages (OR = 2.1). Among adults 20–29 years of age, the likelihood of a suicide attempt was correlated with parental divorce, whereas suicidal ideation was associated with prior sexual abuse. Among adults over 30 years of age, physical illness and economic adversity emerged as relevant childhood adversities associated with suicide attempts, whereas sexual abuse, family violence, and economic adversity were associated with suicidal ideation.ConclusionChildhood adversities, especially physical abuse, are likely associated with unfavorable consequences in subsequent years. For suicidality across a lifespan, the role of different childhood adversities must be examined independently.

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“…The services are often located in cities and primary care workers are overburdened, and have insufficient skills or experience in mental health care [ 6 ]. Additionally, people with mental illness often face discrimination, are inappropriately incarcerated, and denied economic, social and human rights [ 7 , 8 ]. The local language used to conceptualize mental illness may be dismissive and contribute to the stigma of mentally ill patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“A constant struggle to receive mental health care”: health care professionals’ acquired experience of barriers to mental health care services in Rwanda

et al. 2015

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BackgroundIn Rwanda, many people are still mentally affected by the consequences of the genocide and yet mental health care facilities are scarce. While available literature explains the prevalence and consequences of mental disorders, there is lack of knowledge from low-income countries on health care seeking behavior due to common mental disorders. Therefore, this study sought to explore health care professionals’ acquired experiences of barriers and facilitators that people with common mental disorders face when seeking mental health care services in Rwanda.MethodsA qualitative approach was applied and data was collected from six focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted in October 2012, including a total of 43 health care professionals, men and women in different health professions. The FGDs were performed at health facilities at different care levels. Data was analyzed using manifest and latent content analysis.ResultsThe emerging theme “A constant struggle to receive mental health care for mental disorders” embraced a number of barriers and few facilitators at individual, family, community and structural levels that people faced when seeking mental health care services. Identified barriers people needed to overcome were: Poverty and lack of family support, Fear of stigmatization, Poor community awareness of mental disorders, Societal beliefs in traditional healers and prayers, Scarce resources in mental health care and Gender imbalance in care seeking behavior. The few facilitators to receive mental health care were: Collaboration between authorities and organizations in mental health and having a Family with awareness of mental disorders and health insurance.ConclusionFrom a public health perspective, this study revealed important findings of the numerous barriers and the few facilitating factors available to people seeking health for mental disorders. Having a supportive family with awareness of mental disorders who also were equipped with a health insurance was perceived as vital for successful treatment. This study highlights the need of improving availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of mental health care at all levels in order to improve mental health care among Rwandans affected by mental disorders.

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Traumatic events and suicidal behaviour in the Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Well‐Being

Abstract: Traumatic events are common in the general population. This report highlights the role of traumatic events (especially those related to violence) in predicting suicidal behaviour.

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Negative Life Events and Attempted Suicide in Rural China

Negative Life Events and Attempted Suicide in Rural China

Do Childhood Adversities Predict Suicidality? Findings from the General Population of the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo, Brazil

“A constant struggle to receive mental health care”: health care professionals’ acquired experience of barriers to mental health care services in Rwanda

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