Traveling wave based fault location of multi-terminal transmission lines

Sawai, Suraj; Pradhan, Ashok Kumar; Naidu, O. D.

doi:10.1109/appeec.2017.8308976

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, these algorithms cannot be extended directly to three-terminal hybrid lines, as the impedance of each section is not uniform, and different infeed/outfeed of the current lead to more errors in the fault location estimation [28,29]. Many fault location algorithms traveling wave based [30,31], AI/ML [13,14,32], and impedance-based [33]- [41] are presented for three-terminal lines including hybrid lines. TWbased methods [30,31] require each section's wave speed as an input, which is not easy to get in a real-world implementation.…”

Section: B Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many fault location algorithms traveling wave based [30,31], AI/ML [13,14,32], and impedance-based [33]- [41] are presented for three-terminal lines including hybrid lines. TWbased methods [30,31] require each section's wave speed as an input, which is not easy to get in a real-world implementation. Moreover, traveling wave-based methods provide higher accuracy, but it requires high sampling rates and more communication bandwidth which adds to the cost.…”

Section: B Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Setting Free Fault Location for Three-Terminal Hybrid Transmission Lines Connected With Conventional and Renewable Resources

Kukkala¹,

Naidu²

2023

IEEE Access

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Three-terminal hybrid transmission lines (TTHTLs) are attractive from both environmental and commercial view. Hybrid transmission lines are growing due to urbanization, connecting an industrial load and renewable integration. A TTHTL comprises sections of both overhead lines and underground/subsea cables or overhead lines with different X/R ratios. Faulted section identification (FSI) is key for defining the adaptive/selective auto-reclosing scheme and estimation of the fault location for TTHTLs. In this paper, FSI and fault location algorithms are proposed without using the parameters of any line section. Novelty of the methodology lies in a two-stage approach to the problem. In the first stage, series impedance parameters of all the sections are calculated using closed loop formulae. These parameters are then utilized in identifying the faulted section. In the second stage, the above calculated line section parameters and faulted section are used to estimate complete line parameters including shunt capacitance and subsequently the fault location. The advantage of the proposed method is that it does not require an initial guess of the line section parameters, is non-iterative in the first stage, and provides correct fault section identification for TTHTLs. These features make it suitable for designing the selective auto-reclosing protection scheme for the TTHTLs within traditional protection relaying hardware. More importantly, the series impedance parameters calculated in the first stage constitute good initialization values for the non-linear problem of estimating the complete line parameters. This results in better convergence of the algorithm and accurate parameter estimation. The developed solution is verified using the PSCAD/EMTDC simulations for TTHTLs connected with conventional and different inverter-based renewable resources. The performance of the proposed solution is compared with commercially available solutions, and it is found to be accurate. This solution is amenable for implementation in line differential protection relays without additional infrastructural changes.INDEX TERMS Adaptive auto-reclosing protection scheme, inverter-based renewable resources, faulted section identification, fault location, parameter estimation, three-terminal hybrid transmission lines NOMENCLATURE A. VARIABLES

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Section: B Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting Free Fault Location for Three-Terminal Hybrid Transmission Lines Connected With Conventional and Renewable Resources

Kukkala¹,

Naidu²

2023

IEEE Access

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“…To deal with the weaknesses of the impedance-based fault setting scheme, the traveling wave-based fault location technique is introduced [25] [26][27] [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overhead Transmission Lines Fault Location Approach based on Current Traveling Waves Measurement

Ayambire

Huang

Awopone³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This paper presents an innovative double-ended current traveling wave fault location scheme for overhead transmission lines. The scheme depends on magnetic flux density measured by tunnel magnetoresis-tive sensor array mounted at both ends of an overhead transmission line. The measured data is transmitted to a remote monitoring unit for analysis. The scheme is tested on a 230 KV, 200 km transmission line built in PSCAD. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated via a laboratory experiment for several fault situations and has shown high efficiency for current traveling wave fault location. The obtained results are compared with a general traveling wave based scheme for fault location in overhead transmission line to prove its accuracy and efficiency. In all the test cases performed, the proposed scheme offered very good results for all categories of faults.

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“…Travelling wave-based selective AR protection scheme for multi-terminal mixed lines is presented in [9]. Travelling wavebased FL techniques for multi-terminal hybrid lines [10,11] and multi-terminal lines [12][13][14] using synchronised data are presented. The main disadvantage of using the travelling wave-based techniques is that intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) with very high sampling rates and communication bandwidth, which would result in additional cost, are needed for implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameter estimation, selective auto‐reclosing and fault location for three‐terminal mixed transmission lines using synchronised data

Naidu¹,

George²,

Yalla³

2020

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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Considering both environmental and commercial aspects, mixed three‐terminal transmission lines are attractive. Mixed three‐terminal lines consist of two sections of the overhead line and one section of underground cable. In this work, a selective auto‐reclosing, fault location, and parameter estimation technique for mixed three‐terminal lines using synchronised data from all three terminals are proposed. The proposed method uses the pre and during‐fault data recorded at the three ends of the line. Using the recorded sampled data, pre‐fault and during‐fault phasors are estimated. Four functions are formulated from the pre‐fault equivalent network of the system. Additionally, three sets of four functions each are formulated after assuming the fault to be on each of the three sections. Subsequently, the faulted section, fault location, and three sets of line parameters are simultaneously calculated by solving each set of equations. Finally, the correct faulted section, location, and parameters are identified based on the characteristics of obtained line parameters and fault location. Furthermore, the identified faulted section information is applied to enable or block the auto‐reclosing function. The simulations and analysis are carried out using PSCAD/EMTDC and MATLAB scripts, respectively. The accuracy, capabilities, applications, and limitations are discussed for different fault scenarios.

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Traveling wave based fault location of multi-terminal transmission lines

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Setting Free Fault Location for Three-Terminal Hybrid Transmission Lines Connected With Conventional and Renewable Resources

Setting Free Fault Location for Three-Terminal Hybrid Transmission Lines Connected With Conventional and Renewable Resources

Overhead Transmission Lines Fault Location Approach based on Current Traveling Waves Measurement

Parameter estimation, selective auto‐reclosing and fault location for three‐terminal mixed transmission lines using synchronised data

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