Treatment Abandonment in Feline Sporotrichosis – Study of 147 Cases

Chaves, A. R.; Campos, Mário; Barros, Mônica B L; Carmo, Cléber Nascimento do; Gremião, Isabella Dib Ferreira; Pereira, Sandro Antônio; Schubach, Tânia Maria Pacheco

doi:10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01506.x

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Most cat owners are living in neglected areas and many abandon dead animals in the street [94], favoring contact with other feral cats, or simply bury their pets after death in their backyard or in nearby wastelands. This directly allows the return of the agent into the environment, increasing outbreak risks of the pathogen, and enhancing the spread of the clonal species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Analysis Reveals a High Prevalence of Sporothrix brasiliensis in Feline Sporotrichosis Outbreaks

et al. 2013

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Sporothrix schenckii, previously assumed to be the sole agent of human and animal sporotrichosis, is in fact a species complex. Recently recognized taxa include S. brasiliensis, S. globosa, S. mexicana, and S. luriei, in addition to S. schenckii sensu stricto. Over the last decades, large epidemics of sporotrichosis occurred in Brazil due to zoonotic transmission, and cats were pointed out as key susceptible hosts. In order to understand the eco-epidemiology of feline sporotrichosis and its role in human sporotrichosis a survey was conducted among symptomatic cats. Prevalence and phylogenetic relationships among feline Sporothrix species were investigated by reconstructing their phylogenetic origin using the calmodulin (CAL) and the translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF1α) loci in strains originated from Rio de Janeiro (RJ, n = 15), Rio Grande do Sul (RS, n = 10), Paraná (PR, n = 4), São Paulo (SP, n = 3) and Minas Gerais (MG, n = 1). Our results showed that S. brasiliensis is highly prevalent among cats (96.9%) with sporotrichosis, while S. schenckii was identified only once. The genotype of Sporothrix from cats was found identical to S. brasiliensis from human sources confirming that the disease is transmitted by cats. Sporothrix brasiliensis presented low genetic diversity compared to its sister taxon S. schenckii. No evidence of recombination in S. brasiliensis was found by split decomposition or PHI-test analysis, suggesting that S. brasiliensis is a clonal species. Strains recovered in states SP, MG and PR share the genotype of the RJ outbreak, different from the RS clone. The occurrence of separate genotypes among strains indicated that the Brazilian S. brasiliensis epidemic has at least two distinct sources. We suggest that cats represent a major host and the main source of cat and human S. brasiliensis infections in Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Analysis Reveals a High Prevalence of Sporothrix brasiliensis in Feline Sporotrichosis Outbreaks

et al. 2013

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“…Unfortunately, even with free clinical and laboratory evaluations, treatment abandonment occurs with high frequency in feline sporotrichosis cases and may represent an obstacle to the control of this disease 11 .…”

Section: Conflict Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiological scenario of feline sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Pereira

Gremião

Kitada

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Sporotrichosis is a mycosis affecting both humans and animals. Within the context of the ongoing sporotrichosis epidemic in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, sick cats plays an important role in the zoonotic transmission. The aim of this study was to update the number of feline cases diagnosed at the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011). Methods: The medical records of the cats followed were reviewed; the inclusion criterion was the isolation of Sporothrix spp. in culture. Results: In total, 2,301 feline cases were identifi ed. Conclusions: These results should alert sanitary authorities to the diffi culties associated with sporotrichosis control.Keywords: Sporothrix spp. Sporotrichosis. Cat. Zoonosis. Epidemiology.Sporotrichosis is an implantation mycosis caused by different species of the genus Sporothrix. The disease occurs worldwide but is endemic in Latin America, especially in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where the fi rst epidemic of zoonotic sporotrichosis was described at the end of the 1990s 1 . The animal species most affected is the cat, which can exhibit a wide spectrum of clinical signs ranging from a single cutaneous lesion to a disseminated form 2,3 . Unlike the lesions observed in humans and dogs, cutaneous lesions in felines carry a high parasite burden, making the cat an important source of infection in the zoonotic transmission of this fungus 1,3,4 . In the past 14 years, transmission of S. schenckii from scratches, bites or contact with sick cats has been reported in Brazil The medical records of the cats followed at Lapclin-Dermzoo from January 2005 to December 2011 were reviewed; the inclusion criterion was the diagnosis of sporotrichosis confi rmed by isolation of Sporothrix spp. in culture. The data collected from each cat were stored and processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Simple frequencies for the categorical variables (origin, gender, breed, reproductive status, the distribution of cutaneous lesions and the presence of at least 2 cats per domicile) and measures of tendency for the quantitative variables (age and the duration of cutaneous lesions before the fi rst clinical visit) were determined. The frequencies of clinical characteristics of the cohort of cats were described by univariate analysis.In total, 2,301 cats with sporotrichosis were diagnosed at IPEC/FIOCRUZ. Due to the retrospective nature of this study, not all data were available for every animal. In this analysis, regarding the variables origin, gender, breed and reproductive status, respectively, 206, 46, 172 and 206 records were excluded because of incomplete data. All of the cats were from metropolitan regions of the State of Rio de Janeiro, mainly Rio de Janeiro municipality (61.2%; n = 2,095). The majority were male (66.4%; n = 2,255), mongrel (89.3%; n = 2,129) and unneutered (73.1%; n = 2,281). The median age of the cats was 2 years old. The median time between the appearance of cutaneous le...

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“…Alguns fatores podem ter influenciado nesse resultado, como a apresentação do medicamento, a dose prescrita, a possível resistência da cepa ao antifúngico preconizado e, até mesmo, os tratamentos com interrupção devido à fuga, à rejeição do animal à administração do fármaco por via oral e à desistência do proprietário pela dificuldade na administração ou custo do tratamento. Tais fatores poderiam diminuir a eficácia do tratamento, facilitando a proliferação do fungo e sua posterior recuperação 18,19 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Diagnóstico laboratorial da esporotricose felina em amostras coletadas no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: limitações da citopatologia por imprint

Macêdo-Sales

Souto

Destefani

et al. 2018

Revista Pan-Amazônica de Saúde

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INTRODUÇÃO: O estado do Rio de Janeiro vem passando por uma epidemia de esporotricose, considerada doença negligenciada, de transmissão zoonótica pelo felino doméstico (Felis catus). Apesar do isolamento de fungos do complexo Sporothrix schenckii em cultura micológica ser o padrão-ouro no diagnóstico, a citopatologia por imprint das lesões é rotineiramente utilizada na prática da clínica veterinária. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho da citopatologia como método diagnóstico da esporotricose em gatos com suspeita dessa micose, provenientes de diferentes áreas geográficas do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Após avaliação clínica, o swab do exsudato e lâminas via imprint da lesão foram coletados de 196 felinos domésticos, com posterior semeadura em Ágar Sabouraud Dextrose e Mycosel e coloração das lâminas por Panótico Rápido. RESULTADOS: Dos 196 animais, 102 (52,0%) foram diagnosticados com esporotricose. Para 50,0% da população, os resultados da cultura e da citopatologia foram discordantes (p < 0,0001; χ² = 32,960), com a cultura micológica mais sensível (95,2%) que a citopatologia (52,6%). Para os animais tratados com dosagem de itraconazol ≥ 100 mg/dia, foi observada uma significante redução no desempenho diagnóstico da citopatologia (p = 0,0136). Contudo, o mesmo não foi verificado em relação ao tempo de tratamento ou às demais dosagens (p > 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A dosagem de itraconazol ≥ 100 mg/dia, independente da duração do tratamento, reduz a sensibilidade diagnóstica da citopatologia. Tal resultado representa um alerta para o uso dessa ferramenta como recurso único para a confirmação diagnóstica da esporotricose felina na rotina da clínica veterinária.

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Treatment Abandonment in Feline Sporotrichosis – Study of 147 Cases

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Phylogenetic Analysis Reveals a High Prevalence of Sporothrix brasiliensis in Feline Sporotrichosis Outbreaks

Phylogenetic Analysis Reveals a High Prevalence of Sporothrix brasiliensis in Feline Sporotrichosis Outbreaks

The epidemiological scenario of feline sporotrichosis in Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Diagnóstico laboratorial da esporotricose felina em amostras coletadas no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: limitações da citopatologia por imprint

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