Treatment and Decolorization of Dyes in an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor

Microbial Populations Associated with Treatment of an Industrial Dye Effluent in an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor

“…If the presence of other dyes and colorless intermediate precursor compounds is also considered, then the concentration of dye and dye-related compounds was probably at least 1 to 9 g/liter or possibly more than 10 g/liter. Each of the dye compounds has been assayed to determine its anaerobic biodegradability and toxicity for methanogenesis (5), and the compounds range from biodegradable nontoxic compounds to recalcitrant toxic compounds. The pH of the dye effluent was 8 Ϯ 0.2, and analysis of samples with an ion chromatograph (Dionex, United Kingdom) revealed levels of SO 4 2Ϫ up to 1,770 mg/liter.…”

“…This design characteristic enables separation of more sensitive anaerobic populations, such as methanogens, from the front of the reactor, where exposure to toxic or unfavorable growth conditions may occur. Successful treatment of an industrial dye waste containing potentially toxic synthetic dye compounds using an ABR has been demonstrated (5).…”

Enhanced decolorization of azo dye in a small pilot-scale anaerobic baffled reactor coupled with biocatalyzed electrolysis system (ABR–BES): A design suitable for scaling-up

“…The volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced from fermentation of organics in ABR, especially acetate, are normally poor electron donors for decolorization of azo dyes under anaerobic conditions (Dos Santos et al, 2005, 2007. ABR reduction rate became slow at low concentration of azo dye (less than 40 mg L À1 ) (Bell et al, 2000;Seshadri et al, 1994), and its reduction at low concentration was readily competed with other reduction reactions (Dos Santos et al, 2006). For these reasons, it is challenging to decrease azo dye concentration below textile wastewater discharge standards solely with ABR and post-treatment is needed to further reduce azo dye.…”

Optimization of Fenton-biological treatment scheme for the treatment of aqueous dye solutions

“…However, some researchers have reported that partial mineralization of few dyes can be achieved by anaerobic followed by aerobic treatment [11][12][13][14][15] but the problem associated with anaerobic treatment of azo dyes is mainly it requires long hydraulic retention time (HRT) [16,17], long sludge retention time (SRT) [16,18]. The requirement of long HRTs and SRTs increases the volume of the reactors required and thus increases the cost of installation and also the requirements of additional carbon source [19], redox mediators [20] and skilled labour increases the operating cost of treatment.…”