2014
DOI: 10.1155/2014/426047
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Treatment of a Spinal Cord Hemitransection Injury with Keratin Biomaterial Hydrogel Elicits Recovery and Tissue Repair

Abstract: Medical care costs can reach an estimated value of $4 billion for spinal cord injuries (SCI) each year in the USA alone. With no viable treatment options available, care remains palliative and aims to minimize lifelong disabilities and complications, such as immobility, bladder and bowel dysfunction, breathing problems, and blood clots. Human hair keratin biomaterials have demonstrated efficacy in peripheral nerve injury models and were shown to improve conduction delay and increase axon number and density. In… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…26 Influencing macrophage polarization is a novel strategy to manipulate the innate immune response following injury. Previously, keratin materials were demonstrated to influence polarization of M1 to M2 macrophage phenotypes, 16,17 although the exact mechanism remains unknown. Physiologic response after SCI varies slightly with size of the spinal cord and size of the cord-blood-barrier, which can lead to variation in treatment outcomes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 2 more Smart Citations
“…26 Influencing macrophage polarization is a novel strategy to manipulate the innate immune response following injury. Previously, keratin materials were demonstrated to influence polarization of M1 to M2 macrophage phenotypes, 16,17 although the exact mechanism remains unknown. Physiologic response after SCI varies slightly with size of the spinal cord and size of the cord-blood-barrier, which can lead to variation in treatment outcomes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Influencing macrophage polarization is a novel strategy to manipulate the innate immune response following injury. Previously, keratin materials were demonstrated to influence polarization of M1 to M2 macrophage phenotypes, 16,17 although the exact mechanism remains unknown.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Hydrogel keratin consistently displayed a significant development in hind limb motor function improvement and on the other hand the histological study offers an increased cellular appearance. 95 Keratin can be easily electrospun in combination with other nonnatural polymers with stronger mechanical characteristics, enhancing their biocompatibility with excellent results. Hao et al, a group of researchers from china that they studied on Keratin nanoparticles-coating electrospun Polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber with electrospray technique with potential NTE application to improve the hydrophilicity and mechanical property.…”
Section: Chitosanmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A new intervention being studied for SCI is keratin biomaterials. A keratin hydrogel has demonstrated efficacy in promoting greater recovery of gait and bladder functions following a rat hemisection injury [23]. It has also shown an ability to skew macrophage polarization toward a M2 phenotype and promote significant up-regulation of M2-associated cytokines like IL-10, while down-regulating M1-associated cytokines like IL-6 [24].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%