Treatment of chromium contaminated soil using bioremediation

Abstract

Abstract. Chromium contamination in soil occurs due to the disposal of chromium industrial wastewater or sludge that excess the quality standard. Chromium concentration in soil is ranged between 1 to 300 mg/kg while the maximum health standard is 2.5 mg/kg. Bioremediation is one of technology that could be used for remediating heavy metal contamination in soil. Bacteria have an ability to remove heavy metal from soil. One bacteria species that capable to remove chromium from soil is Bacillus subtilis. The aim of this research was to know the chromium removal percentage in contaminated soil by Bacillus subtilis. Artificial chromium contaminated soil was used by mixing 425gram sand and chromium trichloride solution. Concentration of chromium added into the spiked soil were 50, 75, and 100 mg/L. During 14 days, pH, soil temperature and soil moisture were tested. Initial and final number of bacterial colony and chromium concentration analysed. The result showed that the highest percentage of chromium removal was 11% at a chromium concentration of 75 mg/L

Long-Chain Hydrocarbons (C21, C24, and C31) Released by Bacillus sp. MH778713 Break Dormancy of Mesquite Seeds Subjected to Chromium Stress

“…From the germination assays with pure compounds, it was suggested that 2,4-di-tert-butyl phenol, heneicosane, hentriacontane, and tetracosane can be volatiles but a pre-concentration system like solid-phase micro-extraction will be required to detect them in the headspace of Bacillus sp. MH778713 cultures (Povolo and Contarini, 2003;Zscheppank et al, 2014). Further works will be required to decipher the molecular targets within seeds sensing the metabolites signals emitted by Bacillus in order to elucidate a potential mechanism by which these compounds break seed dormancy.…”

Practical limitations of bioaugmentation in treating heavy metal contaminated soil and role of plant growth promoting bacteria in phytoremediation as a promising alternative approach

“…(2019a) Vibrio alginolyticus 5.48 Sphingobium SA2 Mercury contaminated soil Artificial: 100 mg/kg Hg Contaminated field: 200 mg/kg Hg 28 Hg 30–50 Mahbub et al. (2017) Azotobacter S8 N/A Artificial: 19 mg/kg of Cr 14 Cr(III) 22.82 Purwanti et al., 2017a , Purwanti et al., 2017b Bacillus subtilis N/A Artificial: 29 mg/kg of Cr 14 Cr(III) 11 Purwanti et al., 2017a , Purwanti et al., 2017b Bacillus sp ., Lysinibacillus sp . and Rhodococcus sp .…”

Risk analysis of inhaled hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) exposure on blacksmiths from industrial area

“…Chromium (Cr) is a transition element that belongs to group VIB in the periodic table, and it is found naturally in rocks, soil, plants, dust, and gas (Purwanti et al 2017a). Cr has an oxidation number between Cr 2− and Cr 6+ (Fernández et al 2012), but it is commonly found in nature as trivalent [Cr +3 or Cr(III)] and hexavalent Cr [Cr 6+ or Cr(VI)] (Purwanti et al 2017b). Cr 3+ and Cr 6+ are stable in the environment.…”