Treatment of dairy wastewater by commercial activated carbon and bagasse fly ash: Parametric, kinetic and equilibrium modelling, disposal studies

Kushwaha, Jai Prakash; Srivastava, Vimal Chandra; Mall, Indra Deo

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.002

Cited by 115 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Adsorption is another physicochemical treatment technology which is frequently used in water and wastewater treatment. It is a powerful and efficient technique in the removal of organic matter and colour from industrial wastewaters (Kushwaha et al, 2010) but the great limitation is the cost. Hence, many studies are looking into the production of low-cost, efficient adsorbents derived from easily available materials such as industrial solid wastes and by-products.…”

Section: Adsorbent Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

COD and colour removal from molasses spent wash using activated carbon produced from bagasse fly ash of Matahara sugar factory, Oromiya region, Ethiopia

Nure¹,

Shibeshi²,

Leta³

et al. 2017

WSA

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The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour from a melanoidin solution using activated carbon produced from bagasse fly ash (BFA). Melanoidins are heterogeneous polymers and major contributors to the dark brown colour of molasses spent wash, which is an extensive cause of environment pollution. The surface area of the BFA was determined as 160.9 ± 2.8m²/g with 90% of particle less than 156.8 µm in size. Characterization of the BFA by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the presence of hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups, whereas X-ray diffraction analysis indicated its amorphous nature. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy analysis showed a heterogeneous and irregular shape of pores. Among the adsorption isotherm models analysed, the Freundlich model fitted best to the experimental data, indicating a maximum adsorptive capacity of 124.80 mg/g. The removal of COD and colour from a melanoidin solution with this activated carbon was carried out using an experimental design taking 4 factors into account. These were adsorbent dose, contact time, pH and initial COD concentration, with removal of COD and colour as response variables. COD reduction was influenced by initial COD concentration whereas colour removal was dominated by contact time, which was in line with the findings of principal component analysis . The maximum COD removal recorded was 61.6% at the optimum condition of adsorbent dose of 4 g in 100 mL, contact time of 4 h, pH 8 and initial COD concentration 6 000 mg/L, whereas the decolourization of melanoidin solution was 64% at adsorbent dose of 4 g, contact time 4 h, pH 3 and initial COD concentration 6 000 mg/L. Hence, activated BFA is a promising option for simultaneous removal of COD and colour from molasses spent wash under the stated conditions.

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Section: Adsorbent Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

COD and colour removal from molasses spent wash using activated carbon produced from bagasse fly ash of Matahara sugar factory, Oromiya region, Ethiopia

Nure¹,

Shibeshi²,

Leta³

et al. 2017

WSA

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“…The Freundlich isotherm can be applied to heterogeneous surface. K F and 1/n are the Freundlich constants and indicate adsorption capacity and intensity, respectively (Ö zer et al 2009;Kushwaha et al 2010). Increase in K F with increase in T supports the endothermic nature of that CBSOL red LE wool dye adsorption onto CAC.…”

Section: Isotherm Modeling and Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This may be due to creation of new active surface on CAC surface at higher T (Singh and Kushwaha 2014;Rameshraja et al 2012). Also, the degree of diffusion within CAC structure is increased at higher T, enhancing the rate of intra-particle diffusion (Kushwaha et al 2010;Aksu and Kabasakal 2004). Table 4 shows the best-fit values of the model parameters, R 2 and SSE values.…”

Section: Isotherm Modeling and Thermodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This plot shows multi-linearity due to the various steps (film or external diffusion, pore diffusion, surface diffusion and adsorption on the pore surface) involved in the adsorption process. Figure 5 shows two linear portions over time range of study, which indicate that the rate of adsorption is controlled by more than one process (Kushwaha et al 2010;Rameshraja et al 2012;Srivastava et al 2006). Since, in this study, good mixing condition was provided, film or external diffusion is very fast (line not shown in Fig.…”

Section: Adsorption Kinetics and Diffusivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the calculation of diffusivity, identification of ratecontrolling step in the adsorption process is necessary. Generally, mechanism of adsorption can be explored by plotting q t versus t 0.5 (Pandey et al 2013;Ruthven 1984;Kushwaha et al 2010;Rameshraja et al 2012) (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Adsorption Kinetics and Diffusivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optimization and evaluation of CBSOL LE red wool dye adsorption from aqueous solution onto commercial activated carbon

Kaur

Singh

Prince

et al. 2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Adsorptive removal of CBSOL LE red wool dye form aqueous solution onto commercial activated carbon (CAC) was investigated in a batch system. Various process parameters like pH, dosage of CAC (m) and adsorption time (t) were considered and optimized with full factorial central composite design under response surface methodology. At optimized parameters, kinetic and thermodynamic studies were performed and adsorption equilibrium data were represented using Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson (R-P) isotherm models. Also, diffusivity was calculated for the rate-limiting step in the adsorption process. Optimum process parameters were found to be m = 2.92 g/100 ml, t = 6.75 h and pH = 3.95, and at these optimized parameters, % removal of CBSOL LE red wool dye (Y) was found to be 86 %. Pseudo-second-order kinetic was found to best fit the adsorption kinetic data. Freundlich and R-P isotherms were found to best represent the equilibrium adsorption data. Diffusivity for the intra-particle diffusion was found to be 9.676 9 10 -8 and 1.396 9 10 -8 m 2 /s at initial concentration of CBSOL LE red wool dye (C 0 ) of 50 and 100 mg/l, respectively.

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Studies on electrochemical treatment of dairy wastewater using aluminum electrode

2010

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This study reports results of electrochemical treatment to the synthetic dairy wastewater using aluminum electrode. Response surface methodology with four factors and five level full factorial central composite design has been used to design the experiments. Four operational parameters, namely current density (J): 61.73-308.64 A/m 2 ; dosage of sodium chloride (NaCl) (m): 0-2 g/l; electrolysis time (t): 10-90 min and initial pH (pH o ): 5-11, have been taken as input parameters and percentage chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal (Y 1 ) and the specific energy consumed (kWh per Kg of COD removed, Y 2 ) have been taken as responses of the system. Multiresponse optimization technique has been applied to find values of operational parameters which maximize the Y 1 and simultaneously minimize Y 2 . The optimum values of operational parameters were found to be J ¼ 123.46 A/m 2 , m ¼ 2.0 g/l, t ¼ 74 min, and pH o ¼ 6.5. Optimum Y 1 and Y 2 were found to be 70.91% and 1.32 kWh/kg COD removed.

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Treatment of dairy wastewater by commercial activated carbon and bagasse fly ash: Parametric, kinetic and equilibrium modelling, disposal studies

Cited by 115 publications

References 24 publications

COD and colour removal from molasses spent wash using activated carbon produced from bagasse fly ash of Matahara sugar factory, Oromiya region, Ethiopia

COD and colour removal from molasses spent wash using activated carbon produced from bagasse fly ash of Matahara sugar factory, Oromiya region, Ethiopia

Optimization and evaluation of CBSOL LE red wool dye adsorption from aqueous solution onto commercial activated carbon

Studies on electrochemical treatment of dairy wastewater using aluminum electrode

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