“…For example, since oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, the two dominant chromospheres in most biological tissues over the optical spectrum from visible to the near-infrared region, have spectroscopic absorption differences, optical measurements have shown uniquely high sensitivity and specificity in quantifying hemodynamic properties including blood volume and oxygenation level in biological samples. 30–33 This ability may aid early diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis. Optical imaging can also be extended to the molecular level by visualizing a variety of optical contrast agents.…”