Treatment of Large Calvarial Defects With Bone Transport Osteogenesis

Abstract

This experiment provides proof of concept for BTO for large calvarial defects in a sheep model. Distraction at a rate of 0.5 mm per day may place individuals at higher risk for premature consolidation, but distraction rates did not have significant effects on regenerate quantity or quality. Future work will include the use of curvilinear distraction devices for 3-dimensional contour.

Bone Transport Distraction Osteogenesis in the Reconstruction of Pediatric Posttraumatic Calvarial Defects

“…Also, Gerety et al 18 conducted almost similar study in sheep animal model without using any growth enhancement factors; the outcomes were evaluated and focused on radiological, histological, and mechanical properties of the resultant newly formed bone. They concluded that bone transport DO is a promising technique for cranioplasty that may be readily translated, and the distraction rates did not have significant effects on regenerate quantity or quality.…”

“…They concluded that bone transport DO is a promising technique for cranioplasty that may be readily translated, and the distraction rates did not have significant effects on regenerate quantity or quality. 18…”

An overview of de novo bone generation in animal models

“…Lapin >Ø 6 59,60 Canine 20 61,62 Ovine >30 [63][64][65] Porcine >Ø 10 66,67 Bone composition similar to human 2…”

“…160 congenital malformation, trauma, and neoplasia. [61][62][63][64]161 Instrumented transport osteogenesis models are reported as well as self-retaining materials that facilitate detailed magnetic resonance imaging. [61][62][63][64] Collectively, calvarial defect models in both small and large mammals are valuable models for proof-of-concept testing in non-load bearing bone.…”

“…As an example, two‐photon microscopic imaging was used to confirm that exogenous bone marrow derived multipotent stromal cells on collagen/hydroxyapatite scaffolds were primarily responsible for new bone formation in murine calvarial defects while host cells participated most in periosteum regeneration 160 . Both circular defects and craniectomies are reported in large mammals like canine, ovine, and porcine in which ostectomies recapitulate craniectomies for congenital malformation, trauma, and neoplasia 61‐64,161 . Instrumented transport osteogenesis models are reported as well as self‐retaining materials that facilitate detailed magnetic resonance imaging 61‐64 .…”