“…1), first synthesized in 1967, is a semi-synthetic second-generation tetracycline derivative (Qiu et al 2019). Many pathogenic mycoplasmas, chlamydias, spirochetes, rickettsias, and enterococci such as Borrelia recurrentis, Mycobacterium marinum, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Vibrio vulnificus are susceptible to MC (Chuang et al 1997, Lockshin 1977, Muellegger et al 1995, Rose and Vanderloo 2011 .…”