Treatment of sludge containing nitro-aromatic compounds in reed-bed mesocosms – Water, BOD, carbon and nutrient removal

Industrial sludge containing pharmaceutical residues and explosives alters inherent toxic properties when co-digested with oat and post-treated in reed beds

“…The capacity of planted beds in treating sludge from the same industrial area as in the present study, in comparison to filter beds without vegetation, has been demonstrated earlier [29,30]. Results showed that reed-planted beds were more efficient than unplanted at retaining toxicants, reducing the water-soluble toxicity [30], total organic carbon (TOC), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the outgoing water [29,30].…”

“…More than 7,000 CW is operating in Europe and North America with increasing number in South America, Australia, New Zeeland as well as Africa and Asia [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. The removal efficiency of nutrients and pollutants by CW and reed beds can be explained by the rhizosphere providing a large attachment area for both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms [16,17,23,[25][26][27][28] and as well as dewatering capacity by evapotranspiration and mechanical impact of shoots, roots and rhizome growth [17,[22][23][24]29]. The capacity of planted beds in treating sludge from the same industrial area as in the present study, in comparison to filter beds without vegetation, has been demonstrated earlier [29,30].…”

“…The removal efficiency of nutrients and pollutants by CW and reed beds can be explained by the rhizosphere providing a large attachment area for both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms [16,17,23,[25][26][27][28] and as well as dewatering capacity by evapotranspiration and mechanical impact of shoots, roots and rhizome growth [17,[22][23][24]29]. The capacity of planted beds in treating sludge from the same industrial area as in the present study, in comparison to filter beds without vegetation, has been demonstrated earlier [29,30]. Results showed that reed-planted beds were more efficient than unplanted at retaining toxicants, reducing the water-soluble toxicity [30], total organic carbon (TOC), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the outgoing water [29,30].…”

“…Common reed has also demonstrated a high adaptive capacity to sewage sludge environment, and a doubling of shoot density compared to natural stands has been observed [20,24,29].…”

Avaliação Dos Parâmetros Físico-Químicos E Biológicos Da Água E Do Chorume Na Área De Influência Do Lixão Desativado Do Município De Lages-Sc

“…A poluição do solo e das águas superficiais e subterrâneas, originária da disposição inadequada dos resíduos sólidos urbanos passou a ser motivo de estudos em todo o mundo, dado ao reconhecido potencial poluidor dos passivos ambientais e o grande volume de resíduos gerado diariamente (GUSTAVSSON & ENGWALL, 2012). A possibilidade de contaminação ambiental, associada à necessidade de grandes áreas para a disposição e tratamento dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, transformou a solução em problema, sendo um dos desafios mais sérios para as administrações públicas municipais.…”