Treatment of wastewater from an oil and soap factory via dissolved air flotation

Ela, Sohair I. Abo-El; Nawar, S.

doi:10.1016/0160-4120(80)90093-8

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…To enhance the efficiency of this step, Santo et al [31] suggested using dissolved air flotation (DAF). This method was first used in the oil refinery industry in Egypt [32,33]. Spraying air into water or bubbling air through the water removes remaining traces of volatile chemicals such as petroleum hydrocarbons and ammonia.…”

Section: Primary Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitfalls of Wastewater Treatment in Oil Refinery Enterprises in Kazakhstan—A System Approach

et al. 2019

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The present article is an assessment of wastewater treatment processes in the oil refinery sector in Kazakhstan by comparing relevant experience of developed and developing countries. The legislation in this sphere, the treatment methods, the discharge process and the effect on the environment were evaluated following international and national regulations. In our study, the wastewater systems in three factories in Kazakhstan were assessed. Results show that, even though the environmental regulation in Kazakhstan promotes the polluter pays principle and follows the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, the oil refinery plants in Kazakhstan still contain exceeding concentrations of pollutants in their effluents. One issue is that the local legislation allows disposal of wastewater to natural or artificial ponds as long as the concentrations of pollutants in effluents are less than the already existing concentrations in the pond. Consequently, the factories can use ponds with an initially high concentration of contaminants. The high initial concentration of pollutants in the pond water is due to wastewater discharged before the implementation of current environmental regulations. This issue in the current legislation leads to the situation where there is no incentive for efficient wastewater treatment. The national law also lacks regulations regarding which methodology should be used to assess the pollutants in the wastewater. Thus, the control by national environmental office for each enterprise is negotiated separately between the factory and the governmental body. This gives the factory a strong position to define the parameters assessing the effluents. This has led to none of the factories measuring, e.g., heavy metals in discharged wastewater. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentration in wastewater is often exceeded at each factory and there is no analysis done for different hydrocarbon fraction. To overcome the issues described in the present study, we strongly recommended a unified and transparent methodology for the country’s oil refinery industry to assess important pollutants in discharged wastewater.

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Section: Primary Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitfalls of Wastewater Treatment in Oil Refinery Enterprises in Kazakhstan—A System Approach

et al. 2019

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“…The current techniques for the O/W separation involve filtration (Hilal et al 2004;Hu and Scott 2007;Lobo et al 2006), emulsion destabilization (Rıós et al 1998), electrocoagulation (Cañizares et al 2008;Carmona et al 2006), flotation (Abo-El Ela and Nawar 1980;Al-Shamrani et al 2002a, b;Zouboulis and Avranas 2000), and adsorption (Alther 2008;Lin et al 2014; Moazed and Viraraghavan 2005a, b;Rajakovic et al 2007; Wang et al 2013a). Although each technique has its own merits, adsorption still remains as the most widely used method because of its straightforward operation and low initial cost (Rashed 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Removal of oil droplets from water using carbonized rice husk: enhancement by surface modification using polyethylenimine

Lin

Yang²,

Petit

et al. 2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Carbonized rice husk (CRH) is a promising material to separate oil from water owing to its abundance, low-cost, and environmentally benign characteristics. However, CRH's performance is somewhat limited by its similar surface charge to that of oil, leading to repulsive interactions. To improve the separation efficiency of CRH, CRH was modified via impregnation with a cationic biocompatible polymer, polyethlyenimine (PEI) to form PEI-CRH. The modified sample exhibits a remarkably higher (10-50 times) oil/water (O/W) separation efficiency than that of the unmodified one. Small PEI-CRH particles (about 64 μm) are found to adsorb oil droplets faster and larger quantities than bigger particles (about 113 and 288 μm). PEI-CRH exhibits higher separation efficiency at high temperatures owing to the destabilization of the emulsion. It is also found that the oil adsorption mechanism involves a chemical interaction between PEI-CRH and oil droplets. The addition of NaCl considerably improves the separation efficiency, while the addition of a cationic surfactant has the opposite effect. In acidic emulsions, PEI-CRH adsorbs more oil than in neutral or basic conditions owing to favorable attractive forces between oil droplets and the surface of PEI-CRH. PEI-CRH can be easily regenerated by washing with ethanol. These promising features of PEI-CRH indicate that PEI-CRH could be an efficient and low-cost adsorbent for the O/W separation applications.

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“…Chemical pre-treatment (coagulation-flocculation) (Mostefa and Tir, 2004;Santo et al, 2012;Zouboulis and Avranas, 2000), iv. Coalescing media (Ma et al, 2013;Owens and Lee, 2007;Zhang et al, 2014), v. Gas flotation (induced gas flotation (Castillo et al, 2012;ElKayar et al, 1993;Hoseini et al, 2013;Meyssami and Kasaeian, 2005;Painmanakul et al, 2010) and dissolved gas flotation (Abo-El Ela and Nawar, 1980;Behin and Bahrami, 2012;Multon and Viraraghavan, 2008;Younker and Walsh, 2014a)), vi. Biological processes (membrane bio-reactor (Kose et al, 2012;Pendashteh et al, 2012;Soltani et al, 2010;Zhidong et al, 2009) and activated sludge (Tellez et al, 2002;Zhang et al, 2009)), vii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An overview of oil–water separation using gas flotation systems

2016

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Treatment of wastewater from an oil and soap factory via dissolved air flotation

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Pitfalls of Wastewater Treatment in Oil Refinery Enterprises in Kazakhstan—A System Approach

Pitfalls of Wastewater Treatment in Oil Refinery Enterprises in Kazakhstan—A System Approach

Removal of oil droplets from water using carbonized rice husk: enhancement by surface modification using polyethylenimine

An overview of oil–water separation using gas flotation systems

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