Treatment Response Following Adaptive PASAT Training for Depression Vulnerability: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zwalmen, Yannick Vander; Liebaert, Eveline; Hoorelbeke, Kristof; Mévergnies, Constance Nève de; Baeken, Chris; Verhaeghe, Nick; Koster, Ernst H. W.

doi:10.1007/s11065-023-09581-8

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…CCT has shown interesting preventive effects in the context of depression. Consistent with this finding, a recent meta-analysis suggested small to medium effects of aPASAT training on depressive symptomatology and rumination, both immediately after training and at follow-up [ 38 ]. Interestingly, the authors explored the clinical relevance of their results by converting the pooled effect sizes into number needed to treat (NNT; ie, the number of patients who would need to be treated by an intervention to observe improvement in 1 patient).…”

Section: Cct For Depressionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…On the basis of effectiveness studies, digital health interventions seem to hold great promise as preventive interventions for depression [ 6 , 43 - 45 ]. In particular, CCT is a potentially scalable preventive intervention for recurrent depression that would suit web-based dissemination [ 38 , 40 ]. However, it is clear that a sole focus on the efficacy and effectiveness of CCT is insufficient for policy making.…”

Section: Introducing a Health Economic Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Economic Evaluation of Cognitive Control Training for Depression: Key Considerations

Mévergnies¹,

Verhaeghe²,

Koster³

et al. 2023

JMIR Ment Health

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Depression is a serious and burdensome psychiatric illness that contributes heavily to health expenditures. These costs are partly related to the observation that depression is often not limited to a single episode but can recur or follow a chronic pathway. In terms of risk factors, it is acknowledged that cognitive impairments play a crucial role in vulnerability to depression. Within this context, cognitive control training (CCT) has shown its effectiveness in reducing the risk for recurrence of depression. CCT is low cost intensive and can be provided as a web-based intervention, which makes it easy to disseminate. Despite increasing interest in the field, studies examining the cost-effectiveness of CCT in the context of depression are largely missing. Health economic evaluation (HEE) allows to inform decision makers with evidence-based insights about how to spend limited available (financial) resources in the most efficient way. HEE studies constitute a crucial step in the implementation of a new intervention in clinical practice. Approaching preventive measures for depression such as CCT from an HEE perspective is informative to health policy, fostering optimal use of health expenditures. The aim of this paper was to inform and guide researchers during the phase of designing HEE studies in the context of CCT for depression. A clear view of CCT’s cost-effectiveness is paramount for its clinical implementation.

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Section: Cct For Depressionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introducing a Health Economic Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Health Economic Evaluation of Cognitive Control Training for Depression: Key Considerations

Mévergnies¹,

Verhaeghe²,

Koster³

et al. 2023

JMIR Ment Health

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“…In line with this, recent studies suggest beneficial effects of experimental manipulation of cognitive control on rumination, further impacting depression severity (e.g. 40 ; for a meta-analysis, see Vander Zwalmen et al 41 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Multiple paths to rumination within a network analytical framework

Tamm,

Koster,

Hoorelbeke

2024

Sci Rep

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Theories of rumination have proposed different psychological factors to place one at risk for repetitive negative thinking. A comprehensive empirical test that captures the most relevant contributors to rumination is lacking. Building on influential self-regulatory and metacognitive frameworks, we modeled how key constructs in this context relate to ruminative thinking. 498 participants completed online questionnaires including indicators of rumination, metacognition, promotion goal orientation, effortful control, and depression. We estimated regularized partial correlation networks to investigate unique associations between the different constructs and followed these analyses up with directed acyclic graphs to identify potential pathways towards rumination. Results demonstrated that: (1) both self-regulatory and metacognitive factors were directly linked to rumination, amongst these were (2) positive beliefs, negative beliefs about uncontrollability and harm, cognitive self-consciousness, depression, effortful control, perfectionism, and (lack of) cognitive confidence, and (3) we identified multiple directed pathways, suggesting three direct contributors to rumination while controlling for the influence of all other variables: diminished effortful control, positive beliefs, and cognitive self-consciousness. This study is the first to comprehensively assess metacognitive and self-regulatory frameworks of rumination in a data-driven manner. Our findings suggest that there are multiple pathways towards rumination, which should be incorporated in clinical case conceptualization of rumination and related disorders.

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“…One single-task operationalization which has shown promising results in earlier CCT research in MDD (Siegle et al, 2007), is an adaptive version of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT; Gronwall, 1977). A recent meta-analysis examining the effectiveness of an adaptive PASAT (aPASAT) training has found small to moderate, significant effects on depressive symptomatology and rumination, both immediately after training and at long-term follow-up (Vander Zwalmen et al, 2023). During the PASAT, participants are presented with a stream of digits and are asked to continuously make the sum of the last two heard digits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, no previous research has conducted an experimental manipulation of aPASAT training dosage to examine its effects on depressive symptoms, which is required for clinical implementation. In this RCT, individuals in remission from depression (RMD) were randomized across 6 groups, receiving either 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 or 20 aPASAT training sessions (15 minutes each), going beyond aPASAT dosages typically used in the literature (Vander Zwalmen et al, 2023). Cognitive and emotional transfer effects were measured shortly after training, as well as at a three-and six-month follow-up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The more, the merrier? Establishing a dose-response relationship for the effects of cognitive control training on depressive symptomatology

Vander Zwalmen,

Demeester,

Hoorelbeke

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Cognitive impairments are frequently observed after remission from depression. There is evidence to show that Cognitive Control Training (CCT) can reduce such impairments and related risk for recurrent episodes. However, it is currently unclear how many CCT sessions are required for short and long-term effects. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigates the dose-response relationship of CCT in a sample of individuals with remitted depression (RMD; n=216). Participants were randomly assigned to one of six arms, each receiving a different amount of training sessions (0, 1, 5, 10, 15 or 20 sessions). We found task-specific, but no near cognitive transfer. Mixed-effects models showed that a minimum of 10 training sessions was required for a significant decrease in depressive symptoms shortly after training, but this was not maintained at three- or six-month follow-up. We observed reductions in perseverative thinking in all groups receiving 10 or more CCT sessions, which remained present until six-month follow-up.

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Treatment Response Following Adaptive PASAT Training for Depression Vulnerability: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 68 publications

Health Economic Evaluation of Cognitive Control Training for Depression: Key Considerations

Health Economic Evaluation of Cognitive Control Training for Depression: Key Considerations

Multiple paths to rumination within a network analytical framework

The more, the merrier? Establishing a dose-response relationship for the effects of cognitive control training on depressive symptomatology

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