Trend analysis and regional tumor incidence in Germany for testicular cancer between 2003 and 2014

Abstract

Background: Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is one the most common solid tumors in men between the age of 15 and 35 with an overall incidence rate of 1-1.5 %. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated different incidence patterns in western civilized countries with overall rising incidence trends. Objective: To analyze differences in regional tumor incidence rates for TGCT and perform a trend analysis for TGCT between 2003 and 2014 in Germany. Material and methods: TGCT cases in Germany which were diagnosed between 2003 and 2014 were provided by the Robert-Koch-Institute, Berlin. For statistical analysis, cluster and spatial scan tests according to Kulldorff were used for cases with seminoma and non-seminoma. Results are presented in administrative districts and graphically illustrated. We performed a trend-analysis in order to evaluate age-adjusted incidence trends in Germany. Tests were two-sided with a level of significance of a=0.05. Results: In total we included 35,066 patients. Overall, 22,634 cases had newly diagnosed seminoma and 12,432 were diagnosed as non-seminoma. Maximum incidence of seminoma and non-seminoma was observed for age-group 38-40 years and 26-28 years, respectively. No second peak for the incidences of seminoma and non-seminoma with respect to age were observed. Cluster analysis revealed areas with high and low incidence rates as well as slightly different spatial distribution in Germany between seminoma and nonseminoma. Furthermore, there was no significant increase in age-adjusted incidence rates over the reviewed time period in both cohorts. Discussion: In this study differences in reginal tumor incidence rates for seminoma and non-seminoma are reported with both tumor entities revealing distinct clusters. Furthermore, tumor incidence trends for seminoma and nonseminoma between 2003 and 2014 were stable which might indicate the beginning of a plateau phase for TGCT incidence rates in Germany. Conclusion: In this analysis we were able to identify regions with significantly higher tumor incidence rates for both seminoma and non-seminoma which were specific for these two subtypes. Furthermore, trend analysis revealed a steady incidence rate for testicular cancer in Germany.

Testicular germ cell cancer: recent developments in biology and clinical management

“…The overall trend is the increasing incidence, with recent unexplained spikes in Southern Europe and American Hispanic populations (Trabert et al , ). On the other hand, in some countries, especially in Northern Europe that historically had the highest rates of testicular cancer, there are now clear signs of abating, as also shown in Germany in a study published in this issue (Brandt et al , ). In contrast to populations of European descent, African and East Asian ethnicities have markedly lower incidence rates of testicular cancer and appear to be protected, most likely due to the different constellations of susceptibility genes.…”

Epidemiological and pathohistological characteristics of testicular neoplasms in the Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina: a three-year monocentric study

“…The National Cancer Institute of the United States of America reports that the incidence of testicular cancer is low in men older than 50, which is consistent with the results of this study. According to previous studies, there has been a noticeable increase in arithmetic mean of the age of respondents in whom the presence of testicular cancer, especially testicular seminoma, was verified (5,9,10).…”

Smart Intravenous Infusion Dosing System

“…In testicular cancers, which are the most common malignant disease in men between 14-44 years of age [59,60], with a peak incidence at 30-34 years of age [61,62], a sudden increase in the number of patients half a century ago was recorded [63,64], which was equally influenced by hereditary factors and environmental conditions [59]. Developed countries such as New Zealand [65], Norway [66], Canada [67], Denmark [68], Great Britain [69], Israel [70], Czech Republic [71], Australia [72], Croatia [73], the USA [74], France [62], Germany [75], and Switzerland [76], saw a significant increase in testicular cancer. According to [77,78], this type of cancer affects the populations of Europe and Australia the most, and Asia and Africa the least.…”