Trends and advances in bioenergy production and sustainable solid waste management

Abstract

Renewable energy accounts for 33 percent of the primary energy consumption across the world. Current world faces a major waste and climate change crisis. In many developing countries, over the past two and a half centuries, a variety of renewable power techniques have been actively pursued in distinct fields in the fields of research, growth, demonstration, manufacturing, and implementation. A replacement for fossil fuels using waste biomass is essential and considered as a promising strategy to meet our energy needs. At the same time, the emissions of greenhouse gas and managing municipal solid waste have to become crucial due to growing population demand. Biomass includes the energy stored in the sun and plants. It also serves as a primary energy source. Plants absorb the power of the sun during the process called photosynthesis. When biomass is combusted, chemical energy can be released into biomass as heat that can be used for domestic applications. The use of biomass results in management expenses contributes to climate changes, decrease the risk to lives and assets thereby ensure a safe and competitive energy source for the beneficial impact on the environment and the economy. This paper overviews about various applications of renewable energy sources produced from the municipal wastes and microbes. Prospects for the commercialization of bio-algal fuels, applications, and its challenges are discussed. The role of microbes (microalgae) in the energy production process and to use bioenergy as a future trend for economic development is discussed.

The Overall Influence of Using Thermal Energy, Biomass, Geothermal Application, Green Building Architecture on Reducing Industrial Pollution Throughout the Globe

“…Cost effectiveness of using biomass energy also ensures the increasing probability of environmental sustainability. Utilization of garbage for energy production in biomass energy production plants has helped to maintain the waste management of the products [17]. Carbon neutral activity of biomass energy production also has increased the potential of reducing the carbon emissions in the environment.…”

Stackelberg game based co-firing biomass with coal under carbon cap-and-trade regulation

“…The social welfare maximization is the main objective for the authority and kept as the only objective function, therefore the objective of maximizing the allocation satisfaction is set as the constraint and controlled within an acceptable range. Let ϖ be the minimum allocation satisfaction, and the converted single-objective model is presented in equation (18).…”

“…Therefore, co-firing biomass with coal has the advantages of achieving economic rationality, technological reliability and environmental harmonization. 17,18…”

“…Therefore, co-firing biomass with coal has the advantages of achieving economic rationality, technological reliability and environmental harmonization. 17,18 Currently, there are three co-firing technologies widely used in coal-fired power plants: direct co-firing requires that biomass and coal are burned in the coal boiler furnace using the same or separate mills and burners; indirect co-firing installs a biomass gasifier to convert the solid biomass into a fuel gas, which can be burned in the coal boiler furnace; parallel co-firing installs a completely separate biomass boiler and utilizes the steam produced in the coal-fired power plant steam systems. Among these co-firing methods, direct co-firing at lower ratios offers the simplest and least expensive option.…”

OPTIMAL DESIGN OF ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE POWER PLANTS FOR EFFICIENT UTILIZATION of BIOMASS ENERGY IN NIGERIA

“…Thus, lots of scientific, socio-economic, political, and technical efforts are required worldwide to facilitate the practical deployment of renewable energy systems and to ameliorate the aforementioned consequences of conventional energy systems [1]. Additionally, although lots of research and practical activities have been carried out hitherto on modern energy systems powered by renewable resources [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], only a few of such systems are at commercial scale today.…”