Trends and Perspectives of Biosensors for Food and Environmental Virology

Yadav, Rakesh; Dwivedi, Sadhana; Kumar, Sandeep; Chaudhury, Ashok

doi:10.1007/s12560-010-9034-5

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Nowadays, techniques based on plaque-forming tests are not popular in monitoring of water environment [11]. The high analysis cost, time consumption, and the difficulties associated with permissive systems to some types of non-cultivable enteric viruses in vitro constitute the disadvantages of cell culture-based methods [12]. Molecular detection techniques, like quantitative reverse transcription polymerase reaction (qRT-PCR), can overcome these disadvantages with their high sensitivity and detection time [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Two Concentration Methods for the Molecular Detection of Enteroviruses in Raw and Treated Sewage

et al. 2015

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Human enteric viruses are a major causative agent of emerging waterborne diseases and constitute a serious public health concern. Environmental contamination occurs through discharge of waste materials from infected persons. Methods for viral detection should be developed to detect low infective dose of enteric viruses in environment. In this study, we aimed at comparing two concentration methods for the detection of naturally occurring enteroviruses in raw and treated sewage. In the first method, polyethylene glycol is used to concentrate viral particles from the collected samples. The second method is based on ultracentrifugation of viral particles at high speed (110,0009g). Genomes of enteroviruses were quantified by the quantitative real-time PCR method in raw and treated sewage samples. PEG-based method yielded higher genomic copies of enteric viruses (with an average of 5.9 log 10 genomic copies/100 mL) when applied to raw sewage samples. While the ultracentrifugation assay in the second method decreases genomic copies number (with an average of 5.4 log 10 genomic copies/100 mL). The recovery differences between the two methods were not significant when applied to clean samples (treated sewage). This could be explained by the presence of inhibitors, which interfere with qRT-PCR, in less quantity comparatively to raw sewage. PEG-based method would be more accurate for samples with highorganic matter load. This report emphasizes the importance of matrices nature on the recovery of enteroviruses from sewage samples. This should be taken into consideration for establishing standardized virological assays to ensure the virological quality control of discharged water in environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Two Concentration Methods for the Molecular Detection of Enteroviruses in Raw and Treated Sewage

et al. 2015

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“…Virion detection methods are important to ensure our wellbeing, investigate outbreaks, and devise preventive measures (40). Cell culture-based methods, such as plaque assays, are classical techniques commonly used to detect and quantify infectious viruses in environmental samples as well as to analyze the viability of viruses after treatment with disinfection agents.…”

Section: Inactivation Patterns Of Human Adenovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking Human Adenovirus Inactivation by Gamma Radiation under Different Environmental Conditions

Pimenta

Guerreiro

Madureira

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Adenovirus is the most prevalent enteric virus in waters worldwide due to its environmental stability, which leads to public health concerns. Mitigation strategies are therefore required. The aim of this study was to assess the inactivation of human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5) by gamma radiation in aqueous environments. Various substrates with different organic loads, including domestic wastewater, were inoculated with HAdV-5 either individually or in a viral pool (with murine norovirus type 1 [MNV-1]) and were irradiated in a Cobalt-60 irradiator at several gamma radiation doses (0.9 to 10.8 kGy). The infectivity of viral particles, before and after irradiation, was tested by plaque assay using A549 cells. D 10 values (dose required to inactivate 90% of a population or the dose of irradiation needed to produce a 1 log 10 reduction in the population) were estimated for each substrate based on virus infectivity inactivation exponential kinetics. The capability of two detection methods, nested PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), to track inactivated viral particles was also assessed. After irradiation at 3.5 kGy, a reduction of the HAdV-5 titer of 4 log PFU/ml on substrates with lower organic loads was obtained, but in highly organic matrixes, the virus titer reduction was only 1 log PFU/ml. The D 10 values of HAdV-5 in high organic substrates were significantly higher than in water suspensions. The obtained results point out some discrepancies between nested PCR, ELISA, and plaque assay on the assessments of HAdV-5 inactivation. These results suggest that the inactivation of HAdV-5 by gamma radiation, in aqueous environments, is significantly affected by substrate composition. This study highlights the virucidal potential of gamma radiation that may be used as a disinfection treatment for sustainable water supplies. IMPORTANCEHuman adenovirus (HAdV) is the most prevalent of the enteric viruses in environmental waters worldwide. The purposes of this study are to provide new insights on the inactivation of enteric virus by gamma irradiation and to introduce new concepts and reinforce the benefits and utility of radiation technologies as disinfection processes. This may be an effective tool to guarantee the reduction of viral pathogens and to contribute to public health and sustainable water supplies.

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“…With the globalization of food market, food safety issue has become serious problem to be solved by the world [25]. Although many countries make strict food safety regulations and standards, there are still various food safety accidents happened in the world.…”

Section: Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the amount of harmful substances is extremely limited and is usually in the level of micrograms, nanograms, and even picograms; many analysis instruments have the disadvantages of expensive cost, complex operation, and long detection time. Thus, traditional analysis and detection methods cannot meet the demand of food safety testing, which should be very quick, convenient, and accurate [25]. Given the advantages of strong specificity, high sensibility, wide range of target molecules, low testing cost, easy synthesis in vitro, safety, and reliability, aptamers have promising applications in food safety testing (Table 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamer-Based Technology for Food Analysis

Liu

Zhang

2014

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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Aptamers are short and functional single-stranded oligonucleotide sequences selected from systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) process, which have the capacity to recognize various classes of target molecules with high affinity and specificity. Various analytical aptamers acquired by SELEX are widely used in many research fields, such as medicine, biology, and chemistry. However, the application of this innovative and emerging technology to food safety is just in infant stage. Food safety plays a very important role in our daily lives because varieties of poisonous and harmful substances in food affect human health. Aptamer technique is promising, which can overcome many disadvantages of existing detection methods in food safety, such as long detection time, low sensitivity, difficult, and expensive antibody preparation. This review provides an overview of various aptamer screening technologies and summarizes the recent applications of aptamers in food safety, and future prospects are also discussed.

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Trends and Perspectives of Biosensors for Food and Environmental Virology

Cited by 33 publications

References 91 publications

Comparison of Two Concentration Methods for the Molecular Detection of Enteroviruses in Raw and Treated Sewage

Comparison of Two Concentration Methods for the Molecular Detection of Enteroviruses in Raw and Treated Sewage

Tracking Human Adenovirus Inactivation by Gamma Radiation under Different Environmental Conditions

Aptamer-Based Technology for Food Analysis

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