Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Bellvitge Hospital, Barcelona, Spain (1979-1990)

Abstract

From January 1979 to December 1990 we studied the susceptibility of 1,492 pneumococcal strains isolated from adult patients in Bellvitge Hospital, Barcelona, Spain, to nine antimicrobial agents. Among clinically significant pneumococci, the incidence of penicillin-resistant strains increased from 4.3% in 1979 to 40% in 1990, and that of erythromycin-resistant strains also rose from 0% in 1979 to 9.4% in 1990. On the other hand, the incidence of strains resistant to tetracycline decreased from 76.1% to 37.6%, as did that of chloramphenicol-resistant strains, from 56.5% to 29.4%. The incidence of co-trimoxazole-resistant strains was about 40% throughout the study. Even more alarming was the finding that about 70% of penicillin-resistant strains showed multiple resistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics. All pneumococci were susceptible to vancomycin, and all but six were susceptible to rifampin. We observed that isolates from cerebrospinal fluid and the respiratory tract were significantly more resistant to penicillin than were isolates from blood. The majority of strains (95%) belonged to serogroups or serotypes included in the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine and 77.6% of penicillin-resistant strains belonged to groups 23, 6, 9, and 19.

Prevalence of carriage of antimicrobial resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae in primary school children in Hong Kong

“…Many studies [7,8,14,29,30] have reported an increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistance of laboratory isolates in the last 20 years. These studies fail to address the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pneumococci in the general population.…”

“…Early resistant isolates showed intermediate levels of resistance to penicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 0n12-1 µg\ml) but later, highly resistant isolates (MIC 4-8 µg\ml) [5], and multiply-resistant pneumococci were reported [6]. Reports show a progressive increase in prevalence once resistant strains are introduced into an area, as observed in Spain between 1980 and 1987 [7,8].…”

Diagnóstico etiológico das pneumonias: uma visão crítica

“…Uma nova cepa de Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina, adquirida na comunidade, tem sido descrita 78 , com propriedades diferentes das cepas adquiridas no hospital com esta caracterís-tica. A prevalência de microrganismos resistentes aos macrolídeos [79][80][81] e cefalosporinas 82 tem aumentado nas regiões com grande utilização de macrolídeos. Em geral, o planejamento da terapêutica antimicrobiana não deve ser baseado apenas no conhecimento do organismo mais provável numa determinada faixa etária e na gravidade da doença, mas também com informações acerca dos padrões locais de resistência aos antimicrobianos.…”

Streptococcus pneumoniae resistentes a Penicilina en Lima – Perú.

“…La tasas mas altas de prevalencia han sido reportadas en España (40 -53%), Nueva Guinea (33%) y países de Africa del Sur (28 -62%), (2,4,5,6). …”