Trends in HIV/TB Coinfection in Trinidad and Tobago for the Period 1998-2007

Mungrue, Kameel; Beharry, Andrew; Kalloo, Jason; Mahabir, Sunita; Maraj, Tishan; Ramoutar, Ryan R; Ramsaroop, K.; Solomon, Viren

doi:10.1177/1545109709331471

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The high TB defaulter rate was unexpected, particularly when compared to LTFU among ART patients in the Nsambya CHBC. Nevertheless, that finding might be linked to the overall small proportion of TB defaulters started on ART (Table 3), which is in keeping with the literature [32,33]. In addition, TB patients referred to receive treatment but not enrolled in the Nsambya CHBC could not be tracked because of disjointed health information systems and logistic challenges.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Nsambya Community Home-Based Care Complements National HIV and TB Management Efforts and Contributes to Health Systems Strengthening in Uganda: An Observational Study

et al. 2014

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Community Home-Based Care (CHBC) has evolved in resource-limited settings to fill the unmet needs of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). We compare HIV and tuberculosis (TB) outcomes from the Nsambya CHBC with national averages in Kampala, Uganda. This retrospective observational study compared HIV and TB outcomes from adults and children in the Nsambya CHBC to national averages from 2007 to 2011. Outcomes included numbers of HIV and TB patients enrolled into care, retention, loss to follow-up (LTFU), and mortality among patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at 12 months from initiation; new smear-positive TB cure and defaulter rates; and proportion of TB patients tested for HIV. Chi-square test and trends analyses were used to compare outcomes from Nsambya CHBC with national averages. By 2011, approximately 14,000 PLHA had been enrolled in the Nsambya CHBC, and about 4,000 new cases of TB were detected and managed over the study period. Overall, retention and LTFU of ART patients 12 months after initiation, proportion of TB patients tested for HIV, and cure rates for new smear-positive TB scored higher in the Nsambya CHBC compared to national averages. The findings show that Nsambya CHBC complements national HIV and TB management and results in more positive outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Nsambya Community Home-Based Care Complements National HIV and TB Management Efforts and Contributes to Health Systems Strengthening in Uganda: An Observational Study

et al. 2014

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“…The HIV/TB co-infection burden is profoundly high in sub-saharan Africa and the concern for HIV/TB have been reported to grow in Asia [1, 2]. The levels of multi-drug resistant TB is reported to increase in Africa and other parts of the world [3, 4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation development and optimization of Lamivudine 300 mg and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) 300 mg FDC tablets by D-optimal mixture design

Tibalinda

Sempombe

Shedafa

et al. 2016

Heliyon

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The usage of fixed dose combination (FDC) tablets of Lamivudine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) is increasing due to increased incidences of HIV/Hepatitis B and HIV/TB co-infections. This is likely to increase the financial crisis due to limited resources for funding procurement of ready-made products from the pharmaceuticals manufacturing leading countries. Therefore, production of local oral tablets containing Lamivudine and TDF FDC is inevitable. Lamivudine 300 mg/TDF 300 mg tablets were developed and optimized by D-optimal mixture design and produced by direct compression technique. Twenty trial formulations with independent variables, including PVP-CL 1–12.00%, PVP-K30 1–10.00%, starch-1500 2.5–12.5% and Avicel-PH102 2–19.25% were prepared by direct compression technique. The formulations were assessed on assay, dissolution, friability, weight variation and disintegration time. It was found that assay ranged from 98.13–101.95% for Lamivudine, 98.25–102.84 for TDF, both were within the in-house assay specification of 95 to 105%. Dissolution at single point was above 80% for Lamivudine 93.96–100.55% and 95.85–103.15% for TDF, disintegration time was between 1.92–66.33 min and friability 0.06–12.56%. Out of twenty formulation trials, eight formulations had all parameters in proven acceptable range. On optimization, one formulation with independent variables, PVP-CL 5.67%, PVP-K30 1.00%, Starch-1500 5.76% was selected. The optimized formulation was comparable to the reference product on the market with similarity factor (f2) and difference factor (f1) within the acceptable range for both Lamivudine and TDF.

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“…It may be difficult to organize and support the assessment of eligibility, but it is also important to trigger more involvement in prescribers for an aggressive management of co-infection. The clinical benefit of a rapid ARV treatment initiation, without waiting for the end of the antituberculous treatment, is well documented and decreases mortality by more than 50% [17,18]. The differences observed between co-infected patients treated with ARV and coinfected patients without ARV with CD4 counts < 350, even if non statistically significant, and the high death rate in patients with CD4 counts > 350 without ARV, could confirm this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Management of tuberculosis and HIV co-infection in Cotonou, Benin

Agodokpessi

Alcalá-Cerra

Adè

et al. 2012

Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses

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Trends in HIV/TB Coinfection in Trinidad and Tobago for the Period 1998-2007

Abstract: The incidence of TB and HIV/TB coinfection rates continues to be major challenges in the developing world. Demographic, socioeconomic trends as well as risk factors remain unchanged. Increased HIV screening and HAART coverage offers hope for the future.

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Nsambya Community Home-Based Care Complements National HIV and TB Management Efforts and Contributes to Health Systems Strengthening in Uganda: An Observational Study

Nsambya Community Home-Based Care Complements National HIV and TB Management Efforts and Contributes to Health Systems Strengthening in Uganda: An Observational Study

Formulation development and optimization of Lamivudine 300 mg and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) 300 mg FDC tablets by D-optimal mixture design

Management of tuberculosis and HIV co-infection in Cotonou, Benin

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