Trends in Researches of Fusarium Mycotoxins, T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin in Domestic and Foreign Countries

Abstract

-T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin, belong to type A trichothecences, are the most toxic mycotoxins among the trichothecene family. These mycotoxins are commonly found in cereals such as maize, wheat, barley, oats and rice, and their occurrence in food can be of concern. This review investigated the current trends of patents and researches on T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin pertaining to natural occurrence, toxicity, metabolism, risk assessment, analytical and screening methods, and reduction/detoxification techniques. As compared with other Fusarium mycotoxins, there are limited data for natural occurrence and risk assessment, and regulatory limit and official analytical methods on T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin in domestic and foreign countries. In particular, selective deacetylation at the C3 and/or C4 positions of T-2 toxin by carboxyesterase present in foods was reported to cause the disappearance of T-2 and the extremely high HT-2 recoveries. Currently, regulatory limits for T-2 and HT-2 are under discussion in EU. For enforcement purposes it is essential to have available precise and reliable analytical methods applicable at the regulatory levels for the T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin and relevant commodities. In addition, a further study on natural occurrence, risk assessment and reduction/detoxification techniques will be recommended.

Role of a Phytotoxin Produced by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani on Pathogenesis of and Resistance to the Fungus

“…특히 T-2 독소는 Fusarium 속 곰팡이 독소 중에서 가장 활성이 강한 것으로 알려져 있 다 (Gaumann, 1957;Kern, 1972;Lee et al, 2012;Placinta et al, 1999;Song et al, 2006). Enniatin과 fumonisin은 유 용한 제초제로 평가되고 있으며, 9,10-dehydrofusaric acid는 기생식물인 Striga hermonation의 종자 발아를 억제한다 (Abbas et al, 1991;Hershenhorn et al, 1992;Zonno et al, 1996 sp.…”