Trends in Risks for Second Primary Cancers Associated With Index Human Papillomavirus–Associated Cancers

Abstract

Key Points Question What is the risk of second primary human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated cancer among survivors of HPV-associated cancers? Finding In this cohort study of 113 272 survivors of index HPV-associated cancers, the incidence of most types of second primary HPV-associated cancers (vaginal, vulvar, oropharyngeal, anal, and penile cancers) was high and has increased over the last 4 decades. Meaning Persistent HPV infection at multiple sites might lead to second primary HPV-associated cancers, suggesting the need for increased screening for the detection of HPV-associated precancerous and early cancerous lesions among survivors of HPV-associated cancers.

Risk of HPV-related extra-cervical cancers in women treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

“…Patients with HPV-related cancers are more frequently younger and with a better prognosis than those with OPSCCs HPV-negative [ 31 ]. Numerous studies in the literature show an increased risk of SPCs onset after anogenital HPV-related lesion [ 6 – 8 , 10 , 23 , 26 ]. We confirmed this evidence.…”

NCCN Guidelines Insights: Survivorship, Version 2.2020

“…The overall incidence of subsequent primary cancers in survivors is higher than the incidence of cancer in the general population because of genetic susceptibilities (eg, hereditary cancer syndromes), shared causative factors (eg, smoking, obesity, environmental exposures, HPV or Epstein-Barr virus infection), and/or the mutagenic effects of cancer treatment. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] In fact, subsequent primary cancers accounted for 18% of all cancers diagnosed in the United States between 2009 and 2013. 39 These subsequent malignancies are especially well studied in long-term survivors of childhood cancers.…”

Occurrence of metachronous second primary cancer in head and neck cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the literature

“…We identified one additional article by manually searching the references of the included articles (Chan, Gooi, Mydlarz, & Agrawal, 2016). A total of 26 studies (Boakye et al., 2018, 2019; Chan et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2008, 2011; Chow, Au, Mang, Cheung, & Risk, 2019; Chuang et al., 2008; Cianfriglia, Di Gregorio, & Manieri, 1999; Dikshit et al., 2005; Dong & Hemminki, 2001; Goggins et al., 2010; Jégu, Binder‐Foucard, Borel, & Velten, 2013; Jung, Lim, Jung, Ryu, & Won, 2015; Lee, Wang, Lu, Huang, & Chen, 2017; Levi, Randimbison, & Te, 2003; Levi, Te, Randimbison, Maspoli, & La Vecchia, 2006; Min et al., 2019; Morris, Sikora, Hayes, Patel, & Ganly, 2011; Neumann et al., 2016; Ooft & van Ipenburg, 2016; Preyer, Concin, Obermair, Concin, & Ulmer, 2017; Scélo et al., 2007; Sikora et al., 2009; Söderholm et al., 1994; Suk et al., 2018; Warnakulasuriya et al., 2003) met the eligibility criteria for this systematic review.…”