Trends in sulphate and nitrate wet deposition over the United Kingdom: 1986–1999

Irwin, J.G.; Campbell, G. W.; Vincent, Keith

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(02)00096-1

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In recent years, regulations and low-S fuels have reduced "free" S supply via atmospheric deposition to croplands, leading to increased demand for S fertilizers (16,17). The environmental consequences of agricultural S have been largely ignored, except for a few isolated studies, such as examining controls on hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) emissions from rice paddies (18), and linking SO 4 2− -rich agricultural effluent to production of methyl mercury and changes to the plant community composition in wetlands (19,20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformations, transport, and potential unintended consequences of high sulfur inputs to Napa Valley vineyards

Hinckley

Matson

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Unintended anthropogenic deposition of sulfur (S) to forest ecosystems has a range of negative consequences, identified through decades of research. There has been far less study of purposeful S use in agricultural systems around the world, including the application of elemental sulfur (S 0 ) as a quick-reacting fungicide to prevent damage to crops. Here we report results from a three-year study of the transformations and flows of applied S 0 in soils, vegetation, and hydrologic export pathways of Napa Valley, CA vineyards, documenting that all applied S is lost from the vineyard ecosystem on an annual basis. We found that S 0 oxidizes rapidly to sulfate (SO 4 2− ) on the soil surface where it then accumulates over the course of the growing season. Leaf and grape tissues accounted for only 7-13% of applied S whereas dormant season cover crops accounted for 4-10% of applications. Soil S inventories were largely SO 4 2− and ester-bonded sulfates; they decreased from 1,623 AE 354 kg ha −1 during the dry growing season to 981AE 526 kg ha −1 (0-0.5 m) during the dormant wet season. Nearly all S applied to the vineyard soils is transported offsite in dissolved oxidized forms during dormant season rainstorms. Thus, the residence time of reactive S is brief in these systems, and largely driven by hydrology. Our results provide new insight into how S use in vineyards constitutes a substantial perturbation of the S cycle in Northern California winegrowing regions and points to the unintended consequences that agricultural S use may have at larger scales.sulfur cycling | sulfur isotopes | hydrologic response | preferential flow | irrigation

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformations, transport, and potential unintended consequences of high sulfur inputs to Napa Valley vineyards

Hinckley

Matson

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Small declines in NO 3 deposition have been observed in some European locations, but in many places these are not statistically significant due to noise in the signal (Wright et al, 2001). However, Irwin et al (2002) observed an average annual decrease in rainfall NO 3 concentration of 0.1% between 1986 and 1999 at Plynlimon, while Reynolds et al (1999) Jan-84 Jan-85 Jan-86 Jan-87 Jan-88 Jan-89 Jan-90 Jan-91 Jan-92 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-98 Jan-99 Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 NAO index the bulk rainfall data collected in the Hafren catchment, the annual NO 3 deposition declined from over 20 kg ha 1 yr 1 in early 1990s to around 15 kg ha 1 yr 1 in 2001. However, none of these estimates took any account of occult or dry deposition other than through the unknown and variable amount of both contained in the wet deposition sampled by open collectors.…”

Section: Nitratementioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the North Atlantic Oscillation on stream water chemistry in mid-Wales

Ness

Neal

Davies

et al. 2004

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Analysis of winter stream chemistry data from the Afon Hafren in mid-Wales reveals links between stream chemistry and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). K, Y, Al and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations increase during high NAO index months (relatively warm and wet weather), while Ca, Mg and NO 3 concentrations increase during low NAO months (relatively cold and dry conditions) with the increased concentrations lasting into the next month. The cause of the concentration changes varies between constituents: Y, Al and DOC are impacted by short term variations in rainfall; Mg and Ca are influenced by flow conditions; and NO 3 is temperature controlled. The dominant control mechanism for K concentration seems to be related to rainfall after tree felling has taken place but, prior to felling, the relationships are less certain.

show abstract

“…It is from nitrate and sulphate (Irwin et al, 2002) and usually results in the acidification of the environment (Table 1). Interests in controlling its precursors which include SO 2 (Pirjola et al, 1999) and NO X stems from health concerns, particularly their effects in the form of particulate matter, another secondary air pollutant.…”

Section: Secondary Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Natural Gas Flares-Induced Secondary Air Pollutants

Sonibare

2013

Global NEST Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Application of material balance analysis (in one of our previous studies) to natural gas flare in the upstream petroleum operations confirmed the emission of primary air pollutants in form of CO, CO 2 , NO, and NO 2 from "sweet" natural gas while "sour" gas emits SO 2 in addition; incomplete combustion may be an impetus for the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere from this same source. In this article, the significance of these gaseous emissions in the formation of secondary air pollutants in the atmosphere is reviewed for the purpose of air pollution control strategy. The goal is to describe the formation mechanism, to determine the influencing factors in formation along with environmental impacts and to identify the required technological and policy control approach for an improved environmental protection.

show abstract

Trends in sulphate and nitrate wet deposition over the United Kingdom: 1986–1999

Cited by 38 publications

References 6 publications

Transformations, transport, and potential unintended consequences of high sulfur inputs to Napa Valley vineyards

Transformations, transport, and potential unintended consequences of high sulfur inputs to Napa Valley vineyards

Impacts of the North Atlantic Oscillation on stream water chemistry in mid-Wales

A Critical Review of Natural Gas Flares-Induced Secondary Air Pollutants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About