Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants

Stawińska-Witoszyńska, Barbara; Kłos, Jan; Moryson, Wacław; Więckowska, Barbara

doi:10.3390/medicina57080738

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The incidence of acute HB below 1/100,000 recorded in 2016 represents the lowest value since the mandatory notification of acute HB was introduced in APV [10]. A similar trend of acute HB incidence rates was registered in Serbia (1.77/100,000) and, to a three-fold lower extent, in the European Union (≈0.6/100,000) [41][42][43][44]. Compared to acute HB, the incidence of chronic HB in APV was several times higher (3.7/100,000 in 2017) [10], which can be considered as a reflection of the unfavorable epidemiological situation and the lack of universal HB vaccination in the past.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Seroprevalence Study of Anti-HBs Antibodies in the General Population of Vojvodina, Serbia

Rajčević,

Medić,

Patić

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Hepatitis B (HB) is a major global health problem and a potentially life-threatening disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Also, it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Thanks to serological surveys, testing hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) allows for serological assessments of their prevalence. The presence of anti-HBs, which protects against HBV infection, can be attributed to HB vaccination or natural HBV infection. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of HB surface antibodies (anti-HBs) as an indicator of collective immunity against HBV in the general population of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. In addition, to distinguish whether anti-HBs were induced by the vaccine or by infection, the presence of antibodies against the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was tested among those who were anti-HBs-positive. Materials and Methods: A total of 3467 residual sera samples, collected according to the specifications of the European Sero-Epidemiology Network 2 (ESEN2) study, from April 2015 to March 2016, were screened for the presence of anti-HBs using a chemiluminescence immunoassay. The difference between categorical variables was tested using the chi-square test. Results: Overall, 1870 (53.9%, 95% CI: 52.3–55.6) participants tested positive for anti-HBs. The median age of the study participants was 17 years (IQR 9–35). The anti-HB seroprevalence decreased with age, ranging from 80.7% (95% CI: 78.9–82.4) in the 1–19-year-old group to 16.4% (95% CI: 12.0–20.9) in the ≥60 years’ age group. A total of 71 (3.8%, 95% CI: 2.9–4.7) serum samples were also anti-HBc-positive. Higher prevalence, but not statistically significant, was noticed in women (4.1%, 95% CI: 2.8–5.4) compared with men (3.5, 95% CI: 2.4–4.8) (p = 0.542). Also, there was a significant difference across the age groups, where those ≥60 years old had a prevalence of 65.9% (95% CI: 51.9–79.9) and the age category of 1–19-year-olds had just 0.2% (95% CI: 0.0–0.4) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the anti-HBs seroprevalence of the general population in Vojvodina and provides an opportunity to better shape the national preventive strategy related to HBV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Seroprevalence Study of Anti-HBs Antibodies in the General Population of Vojvodina, Serbia

Rajčević,

Medić,

Patić

et al. 2024

Medicina

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“…The combination of these factors has contributed to the increase in the diagnostic rate of hepatitis B in rural areas and the rate of medical consultation among the residents, ultimately leading to a yearly increase in the noti cation rate of hepatitis B. The noti cation rate of hepatitis B in rural areas exceeded that in urban areas for the rst time in 2017, and the gap widened year by year, reaching 1.57 times the rate in urban areas by 2020, which is inconsistent with the signi cantly higher incidence of acute hepatitis B in urban areas than in rural areas reported in Poland and Norway [34,35]. Possible explanations are that the incidence of hepatitis B in these countries is low and many of the new cases are immigrants, who mostly live in urban areas [35,36].…”

Section: Trends Of Hepatitis B Noti Cation Rate In the Subgroupsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Trends of hepatitis B notification rates in Guangzhou, China, from 2006 to 2020: An epidemiological study

Liu

Dong

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Although the prevalence of hepatitis B in Guangzhou, China, is high, the epidemiological trends have not been well-documented. We analysed the data of newly reported hepatitis B cases in Guangzhou from 2006–2020, to explore the epidemiological trend and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and development of control measures.Methods: Information on the population and new cases of hepatitis B in Guangzhou from 2006–2020 was obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, which was used to calculate the annual notification rates of hepatitis B by gender, age group (0–9; 10–19; 20–59; ≥60), and location (urban or rural). The joinpoint regression analysis was used to analyse the time trends and calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and annual percentage change (APC) for each identified trend line segment. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 361,909 new cases of hepatitis B were cumulatively reported. The average annual reporting rate was 189.64/100,000, and after a sharp increase from 2006–2008 (APC: 29.99%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.14% to 50.67%), the notification rate showed a long-term downward trend from 2008–2018 (APC: -7.55%; 95% CI: -8.68% to -6.40%), with an average annual decrease of 1.27% (AAPC: -1.27%; 95% CI: -3.77% to 1.28%). Males had a significantly higher notification rate than females; however, the gender ratio decreased from a maximum of 2.53 in 2006 to a minimum of 1.54 in 2020. A downward trend in notification rate in urban areas and an upward trend in rural areas was observed, with an increase in the rural/urban ratio from 0.41 in 2006 to 1.57 in 2020. The notification rate for all age groups showed a downward trend year by year, except for the group ≥60 years, for whom it started to decrease from 2015. Conclusions: Although the overall notification rate of hepatitis B in Guangzhou was decreasing year by year, it was still high. Especially in rural areas, the notification rate has been increasing in recent years, and effective measures should be taken to control hepatitis B infection in Guangzhou.

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“…The combination of these factors has contributed to the increase in the diagnostic rate of hepatitis B in rural areas and the rate of medical consultation among the residents, ultimately leading to an annual increase in the notification rate of hepatitis B. The notification rate of hepatitis B in rural areas exceeded that in urban areas for the first time in 2017, and the gap widened annually, reaching 1.57-fold the rate in urban areas by 2020, which is inconsistent with the significantly higher prevalence of acute hepatitis B in urban areas than in rural areas reported in Poland and Norway [ 36 , 37 ]. Possible explanations are that the prevalence of hepatitis B in these countries is low and many of the new cases are immigrants, who mostly live in urban areas [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in hepatitis B notification rates in Guangzhou, China, between 2009 and 2020: an epidemiological study

Liu

Dong

et al. 2022

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Although the prevalence of hepatitis B in Guangzhou, China, is high, the epidemiological trends are not well-documented. We aimed to analyse newly reported hepatitis B cases in Guangzhou between 2009 and 2020 to explore the epidemiological trends and provide insights for the development of control measures. Methods Information on the population and new cases of hepatitis B in Guangzhou between 2009 and 2020 was obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, which was used to calculate the annual notification rates of hepatitis B by sex, age group (0–9; 10–19; 20–29; 30–39; 40–49; 50–59; ≥ 60 years), and location (urban or rural). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to analyse the temporal trends and calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and annual percentage change (APC) for each identified trend line segment. Results Between 2009 and 2020, 287,034 new cases of hepatitis B were cumulatively reported. The average annual notification rate was 181.13/100,000, and the notification rate showed a long-term downward trend during the period 2009–2020, with an annual decrease of 6.30% (APC − 6.30%; 95% CI − 7.56 to − 5.02%). Men had a significantly higher notification rate than women; however, the sex ratio decreased from a maximum of 2.34 in 2010 to a minimum of 1.54 in 2020. A downward trend in the notification rate was observed in urban areas and an upward trend was observed in rural areas, with an increase in the rural/urban ratio from 0.46 in 2012 to 1.57 in 2020. The notification rate for all age groups showed a decreasing trend from 2009, with the exception of the 50–59 years and ≥ 60 years groups, whose notification rates began to decrease from 2014 and 2015, respectively. Conclusions Although the overall notification rate of hepatitis B in Guangzhou decreased annually, it remained high. Further, in rural areas, the notification rate has been increasing, and effective measures should be taken to control hepatitis B infection in Guangzhou.

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Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Seroprevalence Study of Anti-HBs Antibodies in the General Population of Vojvodina, Serbia

Seroprevalence Study of Anti-HBs Antibodies in the General Population of Vojvodina, Serbia

Trends of hepatitis B notification rates in Guangzhou, China, from 2006 to 2020: An epidemiological study

Trends in hepatitis B notification rates in Guangzhou, China, between 2009 and 2020: an epidemiological study

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