Trends of exhaust emissions from gasoline motor vehicles in the metropolitan area of Mexico city

Schifter, I.; Díaz, Luis A.; Avalos, Sergio; Vera, M.; Mejía, Isabel; Reyes, Felipe; López-Salinas, E.

doi:10.1504/ijep.2004.004183

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This trend gives credence to the hypothesis that motor vehicles were the major source of hopanes at the urban site in Mexico City. From the observations in this study and previous studies (Chow et al, 2002;Marr et al, 2006;Salcedo et al, 2006;Schifter et al, 2004), it is concluded that observed particle-phase hopanes predominantly resulted from motor vehicle sources.…”

Section: Molecular Markerssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…There is reason to believe, however, that additional sources to PM 2.5 are important, although they may not have inorganic chemical signatures. Emissions inventories for gas-phase pollutants in Mexico City have pointed towards motor vehicles as their most substantial source (Schifter et al, 2004) which makes it likely that motor vehicles are also a major source of ambient PM. Several studies of fine particle OC have identified diurnal trends in ambient concentration that correspond temporally to traffic patterns which support this hypothesis (Chow et al, 2002;Marr et al, 2006;Salcedo et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Source apportionment of fine organic aerosol in Mexico City during the MILAGRO experiment 2006

et al. 2008

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Abstract. Organic carbon (OC) comprises a large fraction of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in Mexico City. Daily and select 12-h PM 2.5 samples were collected in urban and peripheral sites in Mexico City from 17-30 March 2006. Samples were analyzed for OC and elemental carbon (EC) using thermal-optical filter-based methods. Real-time watersoluble organic carbon (WSOC) was collected at the peripheral site. Organic compounds, particularly molecular markers, were quantified by soxhlet extraction with methanol and dichloromethane, derivitization, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GCMS). A chemical mass balance model (CMB) based on molecular marker species was used to determine the relative contribution of major sources to ambient OC. Motor vehicles, including diesel and gasoline, consistently accounted for 49% of OC in the urban area and 32% on the periphery. The daily contribution of biomass burning to OC was highly variable, and ranged from 5-26% at the urban site and 7-39% at the peripheral site. The remaining OC unapportioned to primary sources showed a strong correlation with WSOC and was considered to be secondary in nature. Comparison of temporally resolved OC showed that contributions from primary aerosol sources during daylight hours were not significantly different from nighttime. This study provides quantitative understanding of the important sources of OC during the MI-LAGRO 2006 field campaign.

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Section: Molecular Markerssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source apportionment of fine organic aerosol in Mexico City during the MILAGRO experiment 2006

et al. 2008

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source apportionment of fine organic aerosol in Mexico City during the MILAGRO Experiment 2006

Stone¹,

Snyder²,

Sheesley³

et al. 2007

Preprint

112

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Abstract. Organic carbon (OC) comprises a large fraction of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Mexico City. Daily and select 12-h PM2.5 samples were collected in urban and peripheral sites in Mexico City from 17–30 March 2006. Samples were analyzed for OC and elemental carbon (EC) using thermal-optical filter-based methods. Real-time water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) was collected at the peripheral site. Organic compounds, particularly molecular markers, were quantified by soxhlet extraction with methanol and dichloromethane, derivitization, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GCMS). A chemical mass balance model (CMB) based on molecular marker species was used to determine the relative contribution of major sources to ambient OC. Motor vehicles, including diesel and gasoline, consistently accounted for 47% of OC in the urban area and 31% on the periphery. The daily contribution of biomass burning to OC was highly variable, and ranged from 5–30% at the urban site and 11–50% at the peripheral site. The remaining OC unapportioned to primary sources showed a strong correlation with WSOC and was considered to be secondary in nature. Comparison of temporally resolved OC showed that contributions from primary aerosol sources during daylight hours were not significantly different from nighttime. This study provides quantitative understanding of the important sources of OC during the MILAGRO 2006 field campaign.

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“…The total emissions of the MAMC fleet are obtained by multiplying the estimated emissions per kilometer for an average urban trip (in this case the FTP-75 cycle), times the estimated number of trip kilometers traveled in the area by year (Burnette et al, 2001). Emissions per kilometer for representative vehicles of the MAMC fleet and activity data have been reported by our group (Schifter et al, 2000a(Schifter et al, , 2000b(Schifter et al, , 2004Díaz et al, 2002). Two scenarios are evaluated: In the first case (named "Real Emissions") we use the Basic Emissions Rates obtained in this work for the 2001 fleet of vehicles.…”

Section: Exhausts Emissions Of In-use Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Assessment of New Vehicles Emissions Certification Standards in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City

Schifter

Díaz

López-Salinas

2006

Environ Monit Assess

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Light duty gasoline vehicles account for most of CO hydrocarbons and NOx emissions at the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City (MAMC). In order to ameliorate air pollution from the beginning of 2001, Tier 1 emission standards became mandatory for all new model year sold in the country. Car manufacturers in Mexico do not guarantee the performance of their exhaust emissions systems for a given mileage. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the Tier 1 vehicles will stand the certification values for at least 162000 km with the regular fuel available at the MAMC. Mileage accumulation and deterioration show that certified carbon monoxide emissions will stand for the useful life of the vehicles but in the case of non-methane hydrocarbons will be shorter by 40%, and nitrogen oxides emissions above the standard will be reached at one third of the accumulated kilometers. The effect of gasoline sulfur content, on the current in use Tier 1 vehicles of the MAMC and the impact on the emissions inventory in year 2010 showed that 31000 extra tons of NOx could be added to the inventory caused by the failure of the vehicles to control this pollutant at the useful life of vehicles.

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Trends of exhaust emissions from gasoline motor vehicles in the metropolitan area of Mexico city

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Source apportionment of fine organic aerosol in Mexico City during the MILAGRO experiment 2006

Source apportionment of fine organic aerosol in Mexico City during the MILAGRO experiment 2006

Source apportionment of fine organic aerosol in Mexico City during the MILAGRO Experiment 2006

Assessment of New Vehicles Emissions Certification Standards in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City

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