Trends of lettuce and carrot yields and soil enzyme activities during transition from conventional to organic farming in an Andosol

Karasawa, Toshihiko; Takebe, Masako; Sato, Fumio; Komada, Michio; Nagaoka, Kazunari; Takenaka, Mikihito; Urashima, Yasufumi; Nishimura, Seiichi; Takahashi, Shigeru; Kato, Naoto

doi:10.1080/00380768.2014.985577

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…These practices are assumed to result in higher levels of soil organic C and N in the long run, even if their introduction could lead to a low N availability for crop uptake as soil biological activity might not be able to provide sufficient nutrients in the early growing season (Clark et al 1999). Moreover, Karasawa et al (2015) found that individual soil enzyme activities were promptly increased six months after switching to organic management, albeit a period of 18-24 months was needed to reach a steady state of the various soil enzymes activities. Therefore, the introduction of organic practices requires specific periods of adaptation of all means in use: at least two years before sowing, or in the case of perennial crops other than grassland and at least three years before the first harvest of organic products (Commission Regulation EC No 889/2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Labile Fractions of Soil Organic Matter During the Conversion to Organic Farming

Abdelrahman

Cocozza

Olk

et al. 2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Organic farming can overcome the environmental consequences of intensive conventional farming. The objective of the work was to investigate the changes in labile soil organic matter (SOM) fractions during the conversion from conventional to organic farming in two Italian sites, namely Foggia (FG) and Metaponto (MT), which differed mainly in initial soil organic carbon (SOC) content. Fields were cultivated with lentil and wheat in rotation and treated with either compost or nitrogen or phosphorus (N/P) fertilizers in three field replicates. The SOM was sequentially fractionated into light fraction (LF), particulate organic matter (POM), and mobile humic acid (MHA) fraction. Isolated fractions were quantified and analyzed for C and N contents. Although total SOC responded to the fertilization treatments, the LF and POM fractions were yet more responsive. The MHA represented on average of 15% of SOC at both sites; however, the LF represented only 5-6% of the total SOC but was the most responsive to changes in soil management. Compost application contributed significantly greater quantities of LF, POM, and MHA than did the N/P fertilizers application. The initial SOC content can play an important role in determining the impacts of introducing organic farming practices on SOM fractions. Although both sites had an initial low SOC content, the MT site, with a lower SOC content, showed a substantial fractional C increment as compared to the FG site.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Labile Fractions of Soil Organic Matter During the Conversion to Organic Farming

Abdelrahman

Cocozza

Olk

et al. 2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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“…Vale destacar o tempo de transição no qual Karasawa et al (2015) relatam que observaram maior disponibilidade de nitrogênio no solo, acompanhada de maior produção de alface no terceiro ano de transição para manejo orgânico, o que foi atribuído a melhora na atividade de várias enzimas do solo no Japão. Em solos tropicais do Brasil foi observado aumento gradativo na biomassa microbiana do solo sob plantio de acerola com dois anos de implantação do processo de transição (SANTOS et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultado E Discussõesunclassified

Avaliação do desenvolvimento vegetativo de laranjeira (Citrus Sinesis (L.) Osb.) Em um sistema com e sem aléias / Evaluation of the vegetative development of orange (Citrus Sinesis (L.) Osb.) in a system with and without alleys

Silva¹,

Chaves²,

Soares³

et al. 2021

BJDV

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A produção de frutas no Brasil é considerada uma das atividades agrícolas que mais gera empregos. A crescente busca por produtos cultivados de forma agroecológica, tem levado mudanças no manejo das culturas. O cultivo agroecológico tem sido uma solução ecologicamente viável para os agricultores que buscam uma produção sustentável. Em Roraima, a fruticultura tem um importante papel de fixação do pequeno produtor no campo, pois em sua grande maioria tem como base a mão-de-obra familiar. No entanto, as áreas de cultivo em Roraima têm sido manejadas de forma convencional, com o emprego de fertilizantes químicos de alta solubilidade e agroquímicos. Esse tipo de manejo tem apresentado alto custo econômico, ambiental e social. Sendo assim, a presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a altura da planta, diâmetro abaixo e acima do porta-enxerto, diâmetro da copa e taxa fotossintética de plantas de laranja (Citrus sinesis (L.) Osb.) (Colocar a Variedade -Acho que é a Valência) cultivadas em um sistema com e sem aléias. O experimento foi implantado em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com dois tratamentos: plantas em sistema com aléias e sem aléias) e dez repetições, sendo cada parcela composta por duas plantas. Foram realizadas duas avaliações fitométricas (agosto e outubro) e calculada as médias das variáveis. Notou-se que, na área com aléias as laranjeiras apresentaram melhor desenvolvimento vegetativo, provavelmente, devido a capacidade que as leguminosas possuem de fixar o nitrogênio atmosférico, através do processo de FBN, e transferir para as plantas em consórcio. A menor relação C/N das leguminosas, que através das podas, tem favorecido a liberação de nutrientes, como N, P e K dentre outros, favorece o desenvolvimento vegetativo. Concluiu-se que o sistema com aléias pode ser uma alternativa de redução do uso de fertilizantes sintéticos nitrogenados.

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“…Andosols provide favourable condition for cultivation, plant roots and water storage because they have a lower bulk density and a higher amount of organic matter than another soil types (IUSS Working Group 2014 ). Karasawa et al ( 2015 ) reported that crop yields of organic farms were lower than those of conventional farms in the first year during the organic transition period; however, yields increased to equal those of conventional farms after 3 years in an andosol. This suggests that andosol soils have relatively thicker layers than other soil types and can change physical properties during the several years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of soils under long-term crop cultivation without fertilisers: a case study in Japan

Nakatsuka

Tamura

2016

SpringerPlus

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Certain farms in Japan, namely unfertilised farms (UFs), have been able to maintain high productivity for over 40 years without applying fertilisers or composts. This study aimed to characterise the physicochemical, biological and micromorphological properties of soil in UFs compared with control farms in Eniwa and Nariita and to identify characteristics that are associated with crop productivity. In UFs, no plough pan was observed. The thickness of the effective soil depth (ESD) of UFs was greater than that of CFs. The concentrations of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen in ESD of UFs were higher than those in ESD of CFs. Soil microstructure observations indicated the strong development of a granular microstructure with large amounts of void space and a high fractal dimension in both surface and subsoil horizons of UFs. Dry yield had a strong correlation with ESD thickness and fractal dimension of voids. Thus, the management of unfertilised cultivation promoted the development of soil aggregation in both A and B horizons. The increase in ESD, soil pore spaces and complexity with the development of subsoil structure improved the productivity of unfertilised cultivation.

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Trends of lettuce and carrot yields and soil enzyme activities during transition from conventional to organic farming in an Andosol

Cited by 10 publications

References 60 publications

Changes in Labile Fractions of Soil Organic Matter During the Conversion to Organic Farming

Changes in Labile Fractions of Soil Organic Matter During the Conversion to Organic Farming

Avaliação do desenvolvimento vegetativo de laranjeira (Citrus Sinesis (L.) Osb.) Em um sistema com e sem aléias / Evaluation of the vegetative development of orange (Citrus Sinesis (L.) Osb.) in a system with and without alleys

Characterisation of soils under long-term crop cultivation without fertilisers: a case study in Japan

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