Tri et affectation des détenus en régime différencié

Which penology for decision making in French prisons?

“…The trade unions have strongly opposed attempts by governors to discipline their staff, although the strength of this opposition depends on the kind of prison and the age of the staff concerned. But in many French prisons, including the prisons we observed, trade unions have a strong influence on prison officers (Cliquennois, 2009). As a result, there is a very low level of disciplinary follow-up which favours discretion in decision making.…”

“…Severe punishments also let the other prisoners know that the prison staff is willing to take a firm stance on discipline. In addition, they are expressions of solidarity between colleagues, representing both the construction and the affirmation of a ‘we’ and an indication of confidence in the fellow prison officer who was the victim (Cliquennois, 2009). The decision-making rationality is also punitive and depends more on professional stakes – trade-union pressure, pressure from the prison hierarchy, the influence of the victim and the prison rules – than on the behaviour of the prisoners.…”

“…They were implemented in the late 1990s in a few prisons ( centres de détention ) and theoretically extended to all prisons by a new Regulation issued in 2009 (Law no. 2009-1436, 24 November 2009; Cliquennois, 2009). Each differentiated management system consists of grouping together inmates who demonstrate the same behaviour – a trust system (open regime), a semi-strict system and a strict system (closed regime) for inmates considered difficult by the prison staff (Cliquennois, 2009).…”

“…2009-1436, 24 November 2009; Cliquennois, 2009). Each differentiated management system consists of grouping together inmates who demonstrate the same behaviour – a trust system (open regime), a semi-strict system and a strict system (closed regime) for inmates considered difficult by the prison staff (Cliquennois, 2009). These different security-based regimes for detention centres reflect a willingness to differentiate the risk posed by inmates during their imprisonment.…”

A new risk management for prisoners in France: The emergence of a death-avoidance approach

“…Individuals considered at high risk of recidivism are not to return to society, leaving offenders with a lower risk of recidivism to benefit from parole and conditional release (Auerhahn, 2003; Rose, 2000; Simon, 1993, 2000). Under this approach, sentence-reduction policies, assignment and security programmes are the preferred fields for the use of actuarial calculations (Cliquennois, 2006, 2009, 2013; Liebling and Arnold, 2005).…”