Triacylglyceride, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Features of Virgin Camellia oleifera, C. reticulata and C. sasanqua Oils

Abstract

Virgin oils obtained from seeds of Camellia oleifera (CO), Camellia reticulata (CR) and Camellia sasanqua (CS) were studied for their triacylglyceride composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Levels of fatty acids determined by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis were similar to those reported for olive oils (82.30%–84.47%; 5.69%–7.78%; 0.26%–0.41% and 8.04%–11.2%, for oleic, linoleic, linolenic and saturated acids, respectively). The CR oil showed the best antioxidant potential in the three in vitro models tested. With regard to EC50 values (µg/mL), the order in DPPH radical-scavenging was CR (33.48) < CO (35.20) < CS (54.87). Effectiveness in reducing power was CR (2.81) < CO (3.09) < CS (5.32). IC50 for LPO inhibition were 0.37, 0.52 and 0.75 µg/mL for CR, CO and CS, respectively. All the oils showed antimicrobial activity, and exhibited different selectivity and MICs for each microorganism tested (E. coli, B. cereus and C. albicans). B. cereus was the less sensitive species (MIC: 52.083 ± 18.042 for CO; 41.667 ± 18.042 for CR; 104.167 ± 36.084 for CS mg/mL) and the E. coli was the most sensitive to camellia oil’s effect. The standard gentamicin presented higher MIC for E. coli (4.2) than the CR (MIC= 2.6) and CO (MIC = 3.9) oils.

Optimization of Ultrasound Extraction of Cactus Pear(Opuntia ficus indica)Seed Oil Based on Antioxidant Activity and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial Activity

“…Seed oil did not exhibit antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, probably due to the oil chemical composition, the type of microorganism, and the own characteristics of the bacteria [42][43][44]. The antimicrobial activity of oils is generally more effective against Gram-positive bacteria in comparison to Gram-negative bacteria, which are more resistant mainly because their outer membrane is less permeable [42,43,45,46]. The results suggest that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more resistant than Escherichia coli, probably due to the lipopolysaccharides present in the outer membrane that restrict the diffusion of compounds making it less permeable [45].…”

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties as Well as the Phenolic Content of the Extract from Hancornia speciosa Gomes

“…The inocula were diluted in saline solution and adjusted to a 0.5 McFarland standard. Each dilution was confirmed by spectrophotometric readings at 540 nm for bacterial strains and 640 nm for yeast strains in a Unicam Helios Alpha UV-VIS spectrophotometer (Thermo Spectronic, Cambridge, UK) [32]. Aliquots of different bacterial inocula (10 8 colony forming units (CFU)/mL) and yeast inocula (10 5 CFU/mL) were added to the microplates for evaluation of antimicrobial activity.…”

Thai Tea Seed (Camellia oleifera) Oil Favorably Affects Plasma Lipid Responses in Hamsters Fed High‐Fat Diets

“…[12] Thai tea seed oil (TSO) is a relatively new cooking oil that is fairly similar in composition to OO. [14] The cultivation of Thai TSO began in 2005 from Camellia oleifera seeds and sprouts brought from China and grown as a method to replace deforested areas in northern Thailand and to increase rural villagers' income. [13] This oil is obtained by squeezing seeds from Camellia oleifera which contain high levels (25% by weight) of edible oil.…”