Triblock Copolymers Based on ε-Caprolactone and Trimethylene Carbonate for the 3D Printing of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

Güney, Aysun; Malda, Jos; Dhert, Wouter J.A.; Grijpma, Dirk W.

doi:10.5301/ijao.5000543

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Güney et al develop triblock copolymers based on ε-caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate for the 3D printing of tissue-engineering scaffolds (19). These block copolymers combine the low Glass Transition Temperature (GTT) of amorphous PTMC (approximately 20°C) and the semi-crystallinity of PCL (GTT approximately -60°C; melting temperature approximately 60°C).…”

Section: Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus Issue | Bioartificial Organs and Tissue Engineering

Stamatialis

2017

Int J Artif Organs

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must be integrated with biology and medicine. Major advancements can only be achieved as a result of collaborative efforts with partners from a range of disciplines that provide a wide spectrum of different kinds of expertise. To stimulate this, in 2016 the European Society of Artificial organs (ESAO), established a new working group on "Bioartificial organs." The group includes experts from all these disciplines and focuses on organizing symposia at various international conferences, training events for young researchers entering the field, as well as outreach activities to promote the field to a broad audience (see). This special issue also aims to highlight some important, recent developments in the field by bringing together some significant contributions. Summary of contents Bioartificial organs This issue contains two important contributions on bioartificial organs: one study on a bioartificial liver and one on a pancreas. Figaro et al focus on optimizing the fluidized bed bioreactor as an external bioartificial liver (15). The team had previously designed and validated a new bioartificial liver (BAL) based on a Prismaflex™ device, including fluidized bed bioreactors hosting alginate-encapsulated hepatocytes. In this contribution, they assess the impact of the bead production process, the bed fluidization, mass transfer and the bead mechanical properties on the cell viability and basic metabolic function. Based on their results, and the constraints of all the extracorporeal circulation (plasma flow rate, thermal exchange), a concentration of 2 mg (1% v/v) of microspheres for 15-20 million cells per milliliter of alginate solution appears to be the best configuration. The filling ratio for the beads in the bioreactors could reach 60%. Four 250-mL bioreactors represent approximately 15% of the hepatocytes in a liver, which is a reasonable target for extracorporeal liver supply. Long et al focus on co-microencapsulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and mouse pancreatic β cells to treat diabetic mice (16). They found out that after 28 days of in vitro culture, the secretion of insulin following comicroencapsulation is higher than that observed for microencapsulated beta-TC-6 cells alone. On the 28 th day after transplantation, the blood glucose level reach 6.86 mmol/L in the microencapsulated beta-TC-6 group. On the 14 th day, the blood glucose level was 6.80 mmol/L in the co-microencapsulated BMSC/beta-TC-6 group, which is close to the normal blood glucose level of healthy mice. Their study indicates that combining microencapsulation technology and co-culture of

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Section: Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus Issue | Bioartificial Organs and Tissue Engineering

Stamatialis

2017

Int J Artif Organs

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“…In particular, quick surface erosion was observed in vivo depending on polymer molecular weights and enzyme action. Beyond PTMC homopolymers, researchers investigated architectures such as stat or block copolymers [14][15][16][17][18] and graft ones from natural polymers [19,20] mainly in view of biomedical applications [12,[21][22][23][24][25] where various properties were observed, such as thermo-reversible gelation, self-assembly or hydrogel formation. Among all the catalytic systems reported in the literature for the ROP of TMC [8], Brønsted and Lewis base catalysts, such as 1,5,7-triazabicyclo-[4.4.0] dec-5-ene (TBD), 1,8diazabicycloundec-7-ene (DBU) or N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) may represent the most active systems, particularly when combined with a thiourea co-catalyst [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Alcohol-Free Ring-Opening Polymerization of TMC Catalyzed by TBD

et al. 2021

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We report herein a study on the alcohol-free, ring-opening polymerization of trimethylene carbonate (TMC) in THF, catalyzed by 1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] ec-5-ene (TBD) with ratios nTBD/nTMC ranging between 1/20 and 1/400. In all cases, the reaction proceeds very rapidly, even faster than in the presence of alcohol initiators, and provides PTMC with molecular weights up to Mn = 34,000 g mol−1. Characterization of the obtained PTMC samples by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, triple detection size exclusion chromatography and 1H NMR spectroscopy reveals the presence of both linear and cyclic polymer chains.

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“…The polymer composites containing nanoceramics were reported to possess better mechanical properties than that of the pure polymers due to additional strength and stiffness provided by the embedded ceramic nanoparticles. As such, the polymer composite-based scaffolds can withstand a certain level of physiological loading and function before the new tissue replaces the scaffold matrix (during its gradual degrading process) [13,14]. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite and an important component of human skeleton and teeth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D printed multi-functional scaffolds based on poly(ε-caprolactone) and hydroxyapatite composite

Liu

Kang

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Biodegradable polymeric scaffolds are critical to repair a large bone defect, which can provide a porous and network microenvironment for cell attachment and bone tissue regeneration. A multifunctional biodegradable PCL/HA composite was prepared with the blending of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA). Subsequently, the PCL/HA scaffolds implants were produced by the screw extrusion/melting deposition forming method using PCL/HA composite as a raw material in this work. Results: Through a serial of in vitro assessments, it is found that the PCL/HA composite possesses good biodegradability, good biocompatibility, and steady drug release performance, which can improve the cell proliferation of osteoblast cells MC3T3-E1. Meanwhile, in vivo experiments were carried out for the rats with skull defect and rabbits with bone defects. It is observed that the PCL/HA scaffolds implants allow the adhesion and penetration of bone cells, which enables the growth of bone cells and bone tissue regeneration. With a composite design to load an anticancer drug and achieve sustained drug release, the scaffolds could enhance bone repair and be expected to inhibit the tumor cells and improve patient outcomes. Conclusions: This work signifies that PCL/HA composite can be used as the potential biodegradable scaffolds for bone repairing after bone malignant tumor resection.

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Triblock Copolymers Based on ε-Caprolactone and Trimethylene Carbonate for the 3D Printing of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Focus Issue | Bioartificial Organs and Tissue Engineering

Focus Issue | Bioartificial Organs and Tissue Engineering

Insight into the Alcohol-Free Ring-Opening Polymerization of TMC Catalyzed by TBD

3D printed multi-functional scaffolds based on poly(ε-caprolactone) and hydroxyapatite composite

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