Tribochemical Applications of High-Intensity Ultrasound: Sonochemical Production of Intermetallic Coatings in Heterogeneous Media

Abstract

An energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) study of binary mixtures of mixed composition metal powders exposed to high-intensity ultrasound in decane indicates that metal particles are fused by the action of ultrasound and develop intermetallic coatings. The principal mechanism behind both processes is interparticle collision caused by the rapid movement of particles propelled by shockwaves generated at cavitation sites. By examination of systems with differing metallurgical compatibilities (Ni/Co, Cu/Cr, and Cu/Mo), it has been determined that the intermetallic coatings are generated by both adhesive wear and direct impact. The mechanisms of ultrasound-induced coatings are discussed.

Sonochemical doping of Ti-catalyzed sodium aluminum hydride

“…In addition, collision-induced chemical reactions has improved the hydrogenation properties of several hydrogen absorbing alloys [46] or even facilitated the low-temperature formation of novel hydrides with otherwise unstable alloy phases through reactive ball milling in a hydrogen atmosphere [47,48]. The similarities between high energy ball milling induced mechanochemical effects and those produced from the irradiation of solidliquid suspensions (or slurries) with high intensity ultrasonic waves are striking [49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. Hence, it is surprising that high intensity ultrasound has not been investigated for the sonochemical doping of NaAlH 4 with metal catalyst.…”

Sonochemically Prepared Ni-Based Perovskites as Active and Stable Catalysts for Production of COx-Free Hydrogen and Structured Carbon

“…To synthesize the LaNiO 3 catalysts with possible variations in defect types, we employed a sonochemical approach. Synthesis by sonochemistry offers the opportunity to modulate the ultrasound intensity and exposure time, variables that are known to affect crystal surface properties, − to acquire the desired material properties.…”

Improvement of the tribological properties of pure Ti by laser cladding intermetallic compound composite coating

“…In recent years, intermetallic compound due to their mixed bonding, intermetallic compounds have always been touted for their attractive chemical and physical properties, such as excellent oxidation resistance, low densities, high strengths, and high stiffness, particularly at elevated temperatures, are vastly expanded into many industrial applications, such as aeronautical, aerospace, electric power generation, and chemical process industries [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. At the same time, as a kind of wear resistance material, intermetallic compound, has drawn great attention, such as titanium aluminides intermetallic compounds, nickel aluminides intermetallic compounds, nickel titanium intermetallic compounds, and iron aluminides intermetallic compounds [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”