Tributyltin contamination in the Firth of Forth (1975–1987)

Bailey, S.K.; Davies, Ian

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(88)90106-4

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Minchin et aI., 1996 and Germany (Oehlmann et al, 1996b;Bauer et aI., 1997) and is now being considered, alongside the imposex response in Nucella lapillus, for the biological TBT effect monitoring in coastal waters by OSPARCOM (Oslo and Paris Commissions, 1996). Imposex has been successfully applied in biological TBT effect monitoring studies in Scotland (Bailey & Davies, 1988), England (Gibbs et aI., 1987, 1991), Ireland (Schulte-Oehlmann et al, 1993Minchin et al, 1995Minchin et al, , 1996, France and outside Europe in the United States (Short et al, 1989;Saavedra Alvarez & Ellis, 1990), Canada (Bright & Ellis, 1990), southeast Asia (Ellis & Pattisina, 1990), New Zealand (Stewart et aI., 1992) and Australia (Kohn & Almasi, 1993). Within these programmes different parameters have been used for the assessment of intersex and especially imposex intensities in the analysed populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Imposex in Nucella lapillus and intersex in Littorina littorea: interspecific comparison of two TBT-induced effects and their geographical uniformity

Oehlmann

Bauer

Minchin

et al. 1998

Aspects of Littorinid Biology

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Two different tributyltin (TBT)-induced virilisation phenomena in prosobranch snails -intersex in Littorina littoreaand imposex in Nucella lapillus -are compared in order to facilitate their simultaneous use in geographical large scale effect monitoring surveys. Imposex in dogwhelks is a more sensitive biomarker and should be used in areas that are only slightly or moderately contaminated with TBT (ambient TBT concentrations < 2.0 ng as Sn 1-1). The assessment of intersex intensities in periwinkle populations has considerable advantages in areas with higher TBT concentrations and should be used also wherever dogwhelks are absent irrespective of the TBT exposure level. The intersex index (ISI) and vas deferens sequence (VDS) index are proposed as the most suited parameters for effect monitoring purposes. The geographical uniformity of intersex and imposex is analysed and proven for the coasts of Ireland, France, and Germany. A relative loss of TBT sensitivity in females can be found, but to a varying extent in both species. The implications of this result for biological TBT effect monitoring programmes are discussed in light of the fact that intersex and imposex have both been found to be irreversible. Because it is the objective of these programmes to assess current TBT contaminations and resulting biological effects, only relatively young specimens should be considered in the sampling strategy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Imposex in Nucella lapillus and intersex in Littorina littorea: interspecific comparison of two TBT-induced effects and their geographical uniformity

Oehlmann

Bauer

Minchin

et al. 1998

Aspects of Littorinid Biology

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“…BPA is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. TBT, the active ingredient in antifouling paint, is a causative agent of imposex in female sea snails [3].It was reported that BPA caused the proliferation of MCF-7 cells (human breast cancer cell line) [10] and induced the expression of vitellogenin (yolk protein precursor) in cultured fish hepatocytes [7]. TBT induces the superimposition of male organs such as the penis and/or vas deferens onto the female genital system, which is known as imposex [13,32].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BPA is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. TBT, the active ingredient in antifouling paint, is a causative agent of imposex in female sea snails [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 17.BETA.-Estradiol, Bisphenol A and Tributyltin Chloride on Germ Cells of Caenorhabditis elegans

2003

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ABSTRACT. Effects of a one-generation exposure to a natural estrogen, 17β-estradiol (E2), and environmental pollutants such as bisphenol A (BPA) and tributyltin chloride (TBTCL) on the number of germ cells were investigated in the hermaphrodite Caenorhabditis elegans. The eggs of gravid adult worms isolated by alkaline hypochlorite treatment were seeded on a test chemical-containing NGM (nematode growth medium) agar plate without cholesterol. After incubation for 6 days at 16°C, the germ cells of adult worms were stained with 4', 6-diamino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI). The staining procedure was completed within one hour and the stained germ cells were counted under a fluorescence microscope without dissection. The number of germ cells in the worms treated with E2 (10 -10 -10 -6 M) and BPA (10 -9 -10 -5 M) was significantly increased. Maximal increases were observed at 10 -8 M E2 (156 ± 15.3% of control) and 10 -5 M BPA (168 ± 20.0 % of control). TBTCL (10 -9 -10 -6 M) significantly decreased the number of germ cells. The minimal decrease was observed at 10 -6 M TBTCL (30.2 ± 3.51% of control). These results indicate that changes in the number of germ cells are a sensitive indicator of the effects of chemicals on the reproductive system. Since the method described in this paper is a novel, simple, time-and money-saving bioassay, C. elegans is an excellent model with which to determine the reproductive toxicity of chemicals including environmental pollutants. KEY WORDS: bioassay, Caenorhabditis elegans, environmental pollutant, germ cell, reproductive toxicity.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 65(8): 881-885, 2003 The possible adverse effects of synthetic chemicals on reproductive organs are currently cause for great concern. Among such chemicals, bisphenol A (BPA) and tributyltin (TBT) are commonly detected in the environment [16,26,33,35] and in food products [5,36]. BPA is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. TBT, the active ingredient in antifouling paint, is a causative agent of imposex in female sea snails [3].It was reported that BPA caused the proliferation of MCF-7 cells (human breast cancer cell line) [10] and induced the expression of vitellogenin (yolk protein precursor) in cultured fish hepatocytes [7]. TBT induces the superimposition of male organs such as the penis and/or vas deferens onto the female genital system, which is known as imposex [13,32].To determine the effects of chemicals on reproductive organs, uterotrophic assays in rats [1], MCF-7 cell proliferation assays [19], estrogen receptor binding assays [23] and two-hybrid assays [12] have been used. While in vitro assays can be performed quickly and reproducibly, the findings are less relevant to whole organisms. On the other hand, in vivo assays provide information relevant to animals, but are more cost-and time-intensive.The free living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a small, rapidly growing organism that is easily maintained in the laboratory, where it can be grown on agar plates or in liquid culture with E...

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“…Furthermore, it allows the interspecific comparison of For all imposex-affected prosobranchs the spatial distribution of imposex in relation to boating activity suggests that these species have potentials as bioindicators of TBT contamination. The imposex phenomenon has been successfully used in TBT biomonitoring studies in Scotland [11][12][13], England [14,15], Ireland [4,16], France [3] and outside Europe, e.g. in the United States [17,18], Canada [19], southeast Asia [20], New Zealand [21,22] and Australia [23,24].…”

Section: Imposex In Marine Snailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tributyltin biomonitoring using prosobranchs as sentinel organisms

Oehlmann

Markert

Stroben

et al. 1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Tributyltin (TBT) compounds, some of the most toxic xenobiotics, produce a variety of pathological reactions in animals. A reliable biomonitoring method to assess the degree of environmental TBT pollution has been described based on investigations of virilization phenomena in prosobranch snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Examples are the imposex phenomenon in marine and freshwater species, the intersex reaction in littorinids and the reduction of female sexual glands and offspring numbers in further species resulting mainly in a sterilization of females. The degree of imposex or intersex in populations is determined by different biomonitoring indices which allow to assess the TBT pollution of the environment at low costs with high precision. The effectiveness of TBT legislations is analysed by extensive surveys in France and Ireland indicating that there is still a continuing threat to sensitive marine organisms. TBT disturbs the biosynthesis of steroid hormones on the level of estrogen biosynthesis. The observed virilization phenomena seem due to an inhibition of the cytochrome P-450 dependent aromatase by this organotin compound.

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Tributyltin contamination in the Firth of Forth (1975–1987)

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Imposex in Nucella lapillus and intersex in Littorina littorea: interspecific comparison of two TBT-induced effects and their geographical uniformity

Imposex in Nucella lapillus and intersex in Littorina littorea: interspecific comparison of two TBT-induced effects and their geographical uniformity

Effects of 17.BETA.-Estradiol, Bisphenol A and Tributyltin Chloride on Germ Cells of Caenorhabditis elegans

Tributyltin biomonitoring using prosobranchs as sentinel organisms

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