Triggering of Acute Myocardial Infarction by Respiratory Infection

Ruane, L.; Buckley, Thomas; Hoo, S. Soo; Hansen, Peter S.; McCormac, C.; Shaw, Elizabeth; Tofler, Geoffrey H.

doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.160

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…An increased relative risk of 13.5 (95% CI: 10.2-17.7) was observed in cases even with mild upper respiratory tract infection [8].…”

Section: Other Infections and Amimentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, statins have also been proposed as a protective therapy during pandemic influenza due to their anti-inflammatory properties [20]. In addition, a reduced risk of MI was also reported in patients who take regular cardiac medications [8]. An additive effect of annual influenza vaccination plus other cardiovascular preventive strategies for both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events may be seen in populations at high risk for AMI.…”

Section: Influenza Vaccine Versus Other Measures For Ami Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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If There were a Vaccine Against Acute Myocardial infarction, Would You Use it?

MacIntyre

2017

Future Cardiol.

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“…An increased relative risk of 13.5 (95% CI: 10.2-17.7) was observed in cases even with mild upper respiratory tract infection [8].…”

Section: Other Infections and Amimentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Influenza Vaccine Versus Other Measures For Ami Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

If There were a Vaccine Against Acute Myocardial infarction, Would You Use it?

MacIntyre

2017

Future Cardiol.

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“…Whilst the occurrence of these CVEs was found to be associated with short-term mortality [14,15], more importantly perhaps, these events have been documented to be associated with poor long-term prognosis, as well as with raised long-term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Cardiovascular risk following an episode of CAP has been found to be highest in the first year, or in the first few years, following hospitalization; however, the increased risk has been found to extend as far out as 10 years in those studies that have evaluated the risk over that period of time [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: All-cause Capmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis and prevention of risk of cardiovascular events in patients with pneumococcal community‐acquired pneumonia

et al. 2019

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It is now well recognized that cardiovascular events (CVE) occur quite commonly, both in the acute phase and in the long‐term, in patients with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP). CVE have been noted in up to 30% of patients hospitalized with all‐cause CAP. One systematic review and meta‐analysis of hospitalized patients with all‐cause CAP noted that the incidence rates for overall cardiac events were 17.7%, for incident heart failure were 14.1%, for acute coronary syndromes were 5.3% and for incident cardiac arrhythmias were 4.7%. In the case of pneumococcal CAP, almost 20% of patients studied had one or more of these cardiac events. Recent research has provided insights into the pathogenesis of the acute cardiac events occurring in pneumococcal infections. With respect to the former, key involvements of the major pneumococcal protein virulence factor, pneumolysin, are now well documented, whilst systemic platelet‐driven neutrophil activation may also contribute. However, events involved in the pathogenesis of the long‐term cardiovascular sequelae remain largely unexplored. Emerging evidence suggests that persistent antigenaemia may predispose to the development of a systemic pro‐inflammatory/prothrombotic phenotype underpinning the risk of future cardiovascular events. The current manuscript briefly reviews the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with all‐cause CAP, as well as in pneumococcal and influenza infections. It highlights the close interaction between influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia. It also includes a brief discussion of mechanisms of the acute cardiac events in CAP. However, the primary focus is on the prevalence, pathogenesis and prevention of the longer‐term cardiac sequelae of severe pneumococcal disease, particularly in the context of persistent antigenaemia and associated inflammation.

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“…Media outlets across the globe reported on an article from the IMJ published in May 2017. 17 The finding that a myocardial infarction can be triggered by a respiratory infection garnered global attention. People both in and out of medicine might have initially expected that a cold or the flu can cause a heart attack.…”

Section: Cardiologymentioning

confidence: 99%