Fatty acid composition and mid-infrared spectra of olive oils in combination with chemometric techniques were used in the classiWcation of Turkish olive oils with respect to their varieties, growing location and harvest year. In particular, olive oil samples belonging to Wve diVerent cultivars were obtained from the same orchard in the middle part of Aegean region and two of these varieties were also received from another orchard in northern part of the same region of Turkey in two consecutive harvest years. Evaluation of nine diVerent fatty acid compositions with principal component analysis revealed clear diVerentiation with respect to variety, geographical origin and harvest year. On the other hand, mid-infrared spectra also achieved varietal and seasonal discrimination to some extent, but diVerentiation is not as clear as that obtained using fatty acid compositions.