Triglycerides and Residual Atherosclerotic Risk

Anticoagulation for hypercoagulability in severe critical COVID-19: A case series of fading and fatal cycles of microthrombosis

“…With that in mind, anticoagulation may be beneficial in specific patient groups and harmful in others. We have shown that, in critical COVID-19, anticoagulation may not be of benefit in patients with persistently low D-dimer, may be harmful in patients with persistently elevated D-dimer (similar to patients reported), however, may prevent in-hospital death if D-dimer behavior followed a fluctuating (high -low) course [12] . While the mechanisms remain unknown, even in this tight group of critically ill patients, heterogeneity is so extensive that management strategies may not have uniform outcomes.…”

Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants: metabolic insights, role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and emerging therapeutic strategies—a consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society

“… TRL and TRL remnants accumulate in the plasma at fasting TG levels >1.2 mmol/L (>100 mg/dL). At fasting TG levels >1.7 mmol/L (>150 mg/dL), there is consensus that ASCVD risk becomes clinically relevant; 4 , 20 , 38 TG levels >10 mmol/L (>880 mg/dL) confer a high risk of pancreatitis with the risk increasing significantly when TG levels are >20 mmol/L. …”

“…Studies suggest that elevated TG and remnant cholesterol levels are causally related to whole body low-grade inflammation, in contrast to LDL-C. 12 , 142 Recently, the PESA (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis) study reported a significant association of vascular inflammation with TG levels ≥1.7 mmol/L. 38 …”

“… 20 Thus, strategic approaches to lowering TRL warrant discussion. This point is especially pertinent given that PESA reported the presence of peripheral atherosclerotic plaques in 58% of middle-aged individuals with elevated TG levels (≥1.7 mmol/L), low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk, and high or normal LDL-C. 38 …”

Integrated Lipidomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Lipid Metabolism in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica)

“…As a decomposition product of sphingomyelin in biofilm bilayers, Cer is a universally recognized second messenger that plays an extensive and vital role in the growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and damage of cells ( Shikata et al, 2003 ). For TG, its level is closely related to the risk of cardiovascular disease with arteriosclerosis, the effective control of TG is of great significance to reduce the risk of cardiovascular system and reduce the incidence, death and disability of cardiovascular diseases ( Spitler and Davies, 2020 ; Raposeiras-Roubin et al, 2021 ). GP, as a kind of phospholipid with a large content in the body, is a component of biofilm and one of the active substances on the surface of cell membrane.…”