Trimethylamine<i>N</i>-oxide: heart of the microbiota–CVD nexus?

Naghipour, Saba; Cox, Amanda J.; Peart, Jason Nigel John; Toit, Eugene F. Du; Headrick, John P.

doi:10.1017/s0954422420000177

Cited by 50 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 230 publications

(560 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…TMAO is then transported to tissues or excreted into the urine. TMAO acts atherogenic [120][121][122][123][124]. Updated systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that TMAO increased the hazard ratio (HR) of CHD mortality [125].…”

Section: Debates Around Trimethylamine Oxide (Tmao)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Viewpoints on Eggs and Cholesterol

Sugano

Matsuoka²

2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although most current epidemiologic studies indicate no significant association between consuming one egg daily and blood cholesterol levels and cardiovascular risk, arguments still persist with a positive association. Since the diet is one of the most influential factors for this association, we illustrate characteristic features in Japanese people whose dietary pattern is distinct from that, for example, the US (United States) population. Available epidemiologic studies in healthy Japanese people show no association between consumption of one egg daily and blood cholesterol level, consistent with those observed in the US population. However, when consumption of major nutrients and food sources of cholesterol are compared to the US population, Japanese people may have an extra-reserve against the influence of eggs on cardiovascular risk markers, despite consuming relatively more eggs. Further discussion on the influence of nutrients contained in the egg and dietary pattern, including interaction with gut microbes, is necessary. In addition, special consideration at the personalized level is needed for judgment regarding dietary cholesterol not only for hypercholesterolemic patients but for hyper-responsive healthy persons. Although randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up are required to evaluate the association between consumption of eggs and human health, available information, at least from the nutritional viewpoint, suggests that egg is a healthy and cost-efficient food worldwide.

show abstract

Section: Debates Around Trimethylamine Oxide (Tmao)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Viewpoints on Eggs and Cholesterol

Sugano

Matsuoka²

2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The formation by gut microbiota of secondary bile acids from host cell-derived bile acids seems to mostly have the function of inactivating the latter, which variedly affect metabolism and inflammation (Delzenne et al 2020). Other metabolites may be derived from the diet, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide, which is associated with obesity and its cardiovascular consequences (Naghipour et al 2020). Metabolites produced by commensal microorganisms following the dietary intake of certain food components, such as the polyphenols, may differ among individuals with different capabilities of metabolising them, that is, different 'metabotypes' (Noerman et al 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiome, endocannabinoids and metabolic disorders

Iannotti

Marzo

2021

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two complex systems are emerging as being deeply involved in the control of energy metabolism. The intestinal microbiota, with its warehouse of genes, proteins and small molecules, i.e. the gut microbiome; and the endocannabinoid system, with its recent extension to a more complex signalling apparatus including more than one hundred lipid mediators and fifty proteins, i.e. the endocannabinoidome. Both systems can become perturbed following bad dietary habits and during obesity, thus contributing to exacerbating this latter condition and its consequences in both peripheral organs and the brain. Here we discuss some of the multifaceted aspects of the regulation and dysregulation of the gut microbiome and endocannabinoidome in energy metabolism and metabolic disorders, with special emphasis on the emerging functional interactions between the two systems. The potential exploitation of this new knowledge for the development of new pharmacological and nutritional approaches against obesity and its consequences is also briefly touched upon.

show abstract

“…It is important to understand which foods or which other nutritional strategies (e.g., cooking method or selective microbiome intervention) have a greater effect on plasma TMAO levels, as this would allow for better nutritional prescribing, particularly in patients with modestly impaired renal function [ 9 ] and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [ 46 ] (in which TMAO has been demonstrated to have even more deleterious effects on CVD risk). Some authors have proposed that a simpler method of reducing TMAO might be to eat fewer foods containing TMA precursors and increase those that favour non-TMA-producing bacteria (e.g., vegetables/fruit) or suppression of FMO3 activity (e.g., vegetables containing indole) [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Urinary and Plasma Levels of Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) with Foods

Lombardo

Aulisa²,

Marcon³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) may play a key mediator role in the relationship between the diet, gut microbiota and cardiovascular diseases, particularly in people with kidney failure. The aim of this review is to evaluate which foods have a greater influence on blood or urinary trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels. Methods: 391 language articles were screened, and 27 were analysed and summarized for this review, using the keywords “TMAO” AND “egg” OR “meat” OR “fish” OR “dairy” OR “vegetables” OR “fruit” OR “food” in December 2020. Results: A strong correlation between TMAO and fish consumption, mainly saltwater fish and shellfish, but not freshwater fish, has been demonstrated. Associations of the consumption of eggs, dairy and meat with TMAO are less clear and may depend on other factors such as microbiota or cooking methods. Plant-based foods do not seem to influence TMAO but have been less investigated. Discussion: Consumption of saltwater fish, dark meat fish and shellfish seems to be associated with an increase in urine or plasma TMAO values. Further studies are needed to understand the relationship between increased risk of cardiovascular disease and plasma levels of TMAO due to fish consumption. Interventions coupled with long-term dietary patterns targeting the gut microbiota seem promising.

show abstract

TrimethylamineN-oxide: heart of the microbiota–CVD nexus?

Cited by 50 publications

References 230 publications

Nutritional Viewpoints on Eggs and Cholesterol

Nutritional Viewpoints on Eggs and Cholesterol

The gut microbiome, endocannabinoids and metabolic disorders

Association of Urinary and Plasma Levels of Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) with Foods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About