Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review of Current Curative Intent Therapies

MacDonald, Isaiah; Nixon, Nancy; Khan, Omar

doi:10.3390/curroncol29070378

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…(2) age between 18 and 75 years; (3) histologically proven HER2-negative MBC, with HER2-negative status determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or immunohistochemistry (IHC) (IHC 0, 1+ or 2+ and/or FISH HER2-negative); (4) at least 1 measurable or evaluable lesion according to RECIST 1.1 criteria; (5) estimated life expectancy ≥3 months; (6) normal heart, liver and kidney functions; (7) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) of 0 or 1; (8) signed informed consent. Exclusion criteria were: (1) neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy containing VNR or CAP within one year prior to treatment initiation, (2) participation in other clinical trials involving new drugs within four weeks before enrollment, (3) inflammatory BC, (4) symptomatic visceral disease, (5) second primary malignancy and (6) mental disorder.…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, patients with distant metastases exhibited a comparatively lower 5‐year OS rate of approximately 30.1% 6 . Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 10%–20% of all BC cases 7,8 . TNBC is characterized by a relatively young onset age, an aggressive biological behavior, a high risk of early recurrence, and a high rate of distant metastasis including visceral and brain metastases 9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A phase II study of a doublet metronomic chemotherapy regimen consisting of oral vinorelbine and capecitabine in Chinese women with HER2‐negative metastatic breast cancer

et al. 2023

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BackgroundThis single‐arm prospective phase II trial was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of the dual oral metronomic vinorelbine and capecitabine (mNC) regimen in women with HER2‐negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in China.MethodsThe mNC regimen was administered to the enrolled cases, including oral vinorelbine (VNR) 40 mg three times weekly (on days 1, 3 and 5 every week) and capecitabine (CAP) 500 mg three times a day, until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint was the 1‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) rate. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), clinical benefit rate (CBR) and treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs). Stratified factors included treatment lines and hormone receptor (HR) status.ResultsBetween June 2018 and March 2023, 29 patients were enrolled into the study. The median follow‐up time was 25.4 months (range, 2.0–53.8). In the entire group, the 1‐year PFS rate was 54.1%. ORR, DCR and CBR were 31.0%, 96.6% and 62.1%, respectively. The mPFS was 12.5 months (range, 1.1–28.1). Subgroup analysis revealed that ORRs were 29.4% and 33.3% in first‐ and ≥second‐line chemotherapy, respectively. ORRs were 29.2% (7/24) and 40.0% (2/5) for HR‐positive MBC and metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer (mTNBC), respectively. Grade 3/4 TRAEs were neutropenia (10.3%) and nausea/vomiting (6.9%).ConclusionsThe dual oral mNC regimen showed very good safety features and improved compliance without loss of efficacy in both first‐ and second‐line treatments. The regimen also reached an excellent ORR in the mTNBC subgroup.

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Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phase II study of a doublet metronomic chemotherapy regimen consisting of oral vinorelbine and capecitabine in Chinese women with HER2‐negative metastatic breast cancer

et al. 2023

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“…Currently, there are limited treatment options for the management of metastatic TNBC (mTNBC), with cytotoxic chemotherapy still having a predominant role, acting as the backbone of treatment ( 4 , 5 ). However, in the metastatic setting, chemotherapy is commonly associated with low tumor response and early disease progression, with an estimated median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of only 2-3 and 10.2 months, respectively ( 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sacituzumab Govitecan for the treatment of advanced triple negative breast cancer patients: a multi-center real-world analysis

Caputo,

Buono,

Piezzo

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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ObjectiveThe objective of this multicenter, observational, retrospective analysis was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of sacituzumab govitecan in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) patients managed according to common clinical practice in Italy.MethodsData were retrieved by 7 sites. Triple-negative BC was defined by the lack of expression of estrogen receptor (ER <1%), progesterone receptor (PgR <1%) and human-epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2 0, 1+, 2+ ISH-not amplified) according to standard ASCO-CAP criteria. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Premedication, dose modifications and treatment schedule were based on the approved label of the product. Adverse events (AEs) were assessed according to NCI-CTCAE v5.0.ResultsFifty-seven eligible patients who received sacituzumab govitecan for mTNBC were included. Median age was 53 years (range 25-75). Approximately 70% of patients had an initial diagnosis of TNBC. Median time from the diagnosis of metastatic BC to start of sacituzumab govitecan was 17 months (range 0-97) and median number of previous therapies was 3 (range 1-7). The most common sites of metastasis were lymph nodes (63.1% of patients), lung (57.9%), bone (50.8%) and liver (38.6%). Eight (14.0%) patients had a disease-free interval ≤12 months. A total of 32 (56.1%) deaths were observed and the median overall survival (OS) was 12.43 months (95% CI, 7.97 months-not reached). At a median follow-up of 10.6 months, 45 patients (78.9%) had progression and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.9 months (95% CI, 3.7-7.1 months). Partial tumour response was observed in 19 patients (33.3%), stable disease in 16 (28.1%) and disease progression in 22 patients (38.6%). The most common treatment-related AEs were anemia (66.6% of patients), alopecia (66.6%), neutropenia (59.6%), nausea (42.1%) and diarrhea (38.6%). Neutropenia was the most common serious treatment-related AE: 21.0% and 8.7% of patients experienced grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, respectively. Twenty-two patients (38.6%) reduced the dose and 5.3% permanently discontinued treatment.ConclusionThe results of this real-world analysis showed that both safety and efficacy of sacituzumab govitecan in mTNBC patients are consistent with that previously reported in regulatory trials. The use of premedication and supportive measures was associated with a satisfactory toxicity profile.

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“…TNBC is characterized by a poor prognosis and high recurrence, metastasis, and mortality rates [4][5][6]. Cytotoxic drugs taxane and anthracycline are the main treatment for triple-negative breast cancer, but patients have poor tolerance [7][8][9]. With the development of tumor immunotherapy, a large number of immunotherapies have been approved for clinical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and mechanism of a biomimetic nanosystem carrying doxorubicin and an IDO inhibitor for treatment of advanced triple-negative breast cancer

Liu

Cao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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As a kind of “cold tumor”, triple-negative breast cancer has a bottleneck in immunotherapy. In this study, mesoporous silica nanoparticles were coated with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitor 1-MT, and the outer layer was coated with a triple-negative breast cancer cell membrane to construct the tumor dual-targeted delivery system CDIMSN for chemotherapy and immunotherapy, and to investigate the immunogenic death effect of CDIMSN. The system targeted the delivery of tumor therapeutic drugs to the tumor microenvironment. Doxorubicin induced tumor immunogenic death, while 1-MT reversed immunosuppression. In vitro experiments showed that IC50 value of CDIMSN was 0.34µg/ml, significantly lower than that of DIMSN (0.56µg/ml). In vivo findings showed that the tumor size in the CDIMSN group was 2.66-fold and 1.56-fold smaller than that in DOX and DIMSN groups, respectively. CDIMSN group was better than naked DIMSN in stimulating CD8+T cells, CD4+T cells and promoting DCs cell maturation. In addition, blood analysis, biochemical analysis and Hematoxylin staining analysis of mice showed that the bionic nanoparticles had good biological safety.

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Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review of Current Curative Intent Therapies

Cited by 28 publications

References 47 publications

A phase II study of a doublet metronomic chemotherapy regimen consisting of oral vinorelbine and capecitabine in Chinese women with HER2‐negative metastatic breast cancer

A phase II study of a doublet metronomic chemotherapy regimen consisting of oral vinorelbine and capecitabine in Chinese women with HER2‐negative metastatic breast cancer

Sacituzumab Govitecan for the treatment of advanced triple negative breast cancer patients: a multi-center real-world analysis

Efficacy and mechanism of a biomimetic nanosystem carrying doxorubicin and an IDO inhibitor for treatment of advanced triple-negative breast cancer

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