Triplex doppler ultrasonography to describe the uterine arteries during diestrus and progesterone profile in pregnant and non-pregnant bitches of different sizes

Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in canine reproductive system – Part 2: use in the routine

“…The uterine artery can also be used for the same purpose. Lower values of RI and PI are observed in pregnant dogs when compared to non-pregnant dogs approximately 30 days after ovulation (Roos et al, 2020), and there is a progressive increase in uterine blood flow, Plus, there is a gradual reduction in RI from 0.64 to 0.52 at 30 days of gestation and predelivery, respectively (Batista et al, 2018;Roos et al, 2020). However, the dog's age is a factor that can cause changes in the successful detection of pregnancy, as older dogs present a relative absence of spectral diastole in the uterine artery, lower EDV, and higher RI (Freeman et al, 2013;Freitas et al, 2017 (Freitas et al, 2016), fetal abnormalities (Feliciano et al, 2014;Freitas et al, 2016) and reduced blood flow due to abnormal development of placental vascular, which can cause intrauterine growth restriction and miscarriage (Blanco et al, 2008;Blanco et al, 2009;Blanco et al, 2011).…”

“…The metabolic changes are reflected in both the ultrasound spectrum, and change in the hemodynamic pattern to high speed and low resistance with RI ranging from 0.6 to 0.7 -Figure 1B (Batista et al, 2015;Lacerda, 2015;Veiga et al, 2017). In females, the presence of uterine fibroids or polyps also causes spectral changes and allows the differential diagnosis of uterine neoplasms (Roos et al, 2020). However, no studies on female dogs reporting vascular changes observed in endometrial neoformations were found.…”