Tris(2,2′-bipyridine)Ruthenium(II)-Sensitized Photopolymerization of Acrylamide

Iwai, Kaoru; Uesugi, Maki; Takemura, Fukuo

doi:10.1295/polymj.17.1005

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…4 Table I. In the +-sensitized system poly(AA) was obtained by irradiation and the Ru(II) complex was not consumed during the polymerization as well as in the case of the +-sensitized system.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There appeared to be saturation phenomena in this system as well as in -sensitized system. 4 At all events AA was photopolymerized in the presence of both the sensitizer + and the electron donor TEA. In this system no spectral change was observed before and after irradiation as described previously.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to the initiation of the polymerization, we could speculate as follows in the previous paper. 4 The polymerization of AA could be initiated by the resulting products of the photoredox reactions such as TEA+, AA"", and their derivatives. In these species CHi::HCONH 2 derived from AA"" could contribute significantly to the initiation of polymerization.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 -3 But, there are few studies of the ruthenium(II) complexes as a photo-redox initiator system for radical polymerization. 4 • 5 In the previous paper 4 we reported the photopolymerization of acrylamide (AA) sensitized by in aqueous solutions. The ruthenium(II) complex did not induce the photopolymerization of AA in the presence of an electron acceptor methylviologen, but did in the presence of an electron donor triethylamine (TEA).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)- and Tris(2,2′-bipyrazine)ruthenium(II)-Sensitized Photopolymerization of Acrylamide

Iwai

Uesugi

Sakabe

et al. 1991

Polym J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:Photopolymerization of acrylamide (AA) sensitized by tris(l, I 0-phenanthroline )-ruthenium(II) and tris(2,2'-bipyrazine)ruthenium(II) complexes and was studied in aqueous solutions. AA was photopolymerized in the presence of both the sensitizer + and an electron donor triethylamine (TEA). The photopolymerization of AA did not occur in the presence of the sensitizer and TEA, but did in the coexistence of maleic acid as a comonomer. In these systems the Ru(II) complexes were not consumed during the polymerization. The mechanisms of photopolymerization for these systems are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)- and Tris(2,2′-bipyrazine)ruthenium(II)-Sensitized Photopolymerization of Acrylamide

Iwai

Uesugi

Sakabe

et al. 1991

Polym J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In a previous paper, 13 we reported the photopolymerization of AA sensitized by the [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ]Cl 3 or [Co(enh]Cl 3 (en: ethylenediamine)-KSCN system in aqueous medium. These metal complexes alone could not initiate the photopolymerization of AA, but could sensitize the polymerization markedly in the presence of KSCN.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Inorganic Anions on the Photopolymerization of Acrylamide Sensitized by 2,3-Butanedione in Aqueous Solutions

Takemura

Iwai

Ikesu

et al. 1988

Polym J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:In aqueous solutions, 2,3-butanedione (biacetyl: BA) served as a sensitizer for the photopolymerization of acrylamide (AA). The presence of inorganic salts such as KSCN, KSeCN, and NaN3 increased not only the rate of polymerization but also the molecular weight of the polymer. On the other hand, Na2SeO3 increased the rate of polymerization markedly with apparently normal kinetic behavior. In the absence of any salt, the triplet excited state of BA was shown to act as a degradative chain transfer agent as well as a photo-sensitizer. The mechanism of this characteristic photosensitized polymerization is discussed. KEY WORDSPhotopolymerization / Sensitizer / Acrylamide / 2,3-Butanedione / Biacetyl / Triplet Excited State / Inorganic Anion / Degradative Chain Transfer / The photopolymerization of vinyl monomers sensitized by organic carbonyl compounds has been investigated by many workers.1 Most of these studies were carried out in organic solvents. 2,3-Butanedione (Biacetyl: BA), an a-diketone soluble both in water and organic media, was used as an efficient sensitizer for the polymerizations of monomers such as styrene and methyl methacrylate. 2 -5 But there has been little study on BA-sensitized polymerization in an aqueous medium. Recently, Encina and his coworkers 6 reported that in the polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, BA was a poor initiator and relatively high photoinitiation efficiencies were achieved only in the presence of methanol or water, by which BA was solvated giving a hydroxy-substituted alkanone effective at 300 nm irradiation.We studied the photopolymerizations of vinyl monomers such as acrylonitrile, styrene, methyl methacrylate, and acrylamide (AA) sensitized by organic dyes 7 and metal complexes.8-14 In a previous paper, 13 we reported the photopolymerization of AA sensitized by the [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ]Cl 3 or [Co(enh]Cl 3 (en: ethylenediamine)-KSCN system in aqueous medium. These metal complexes alone could not initiate the photopolymerization of AA, but could sensitize the polymerization markedly in the presence of KSCN.We thus studied such effects of inorganic salts on the photopolymerizations in aqueous solutions. BA is soluble in water and has a relatively unique property of exhibiting phosphorescence as well as fluorescence in a fluid solution at room temperature. Then, the effects of inorganic salts on the photopolymerization of AA sensitized by BA were studied kinetically and spectroscopically.Contrary to the normal kinetic behavior of radical polymerization, 15 the addition of some 565

show abstract

Photopolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Sensitized by Tris(2,2′-bipyridine)iron(III)

Goswami

Baruah

1997

Polym. Int.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) sensitized by tris(2,2′‐bipyridine)iron(III) complex, [Fe(bpy)3]3+, was studied at 35°C in the presence of an electron donor, triethylamine (TEA) with UV radiation of wavelength 254nm. The initial rate of polymerization, Rp, shows a linear dependence on [MMA] with an exponential value of 1·18±0·04. Rp varies linearly with the square root of the photosensitizer concentration up to 2·00×10‐4moll‐1, and above this concentration, Rp decreases with the increase of photosensitizer concentration. The rate of polymerization is not affected by the concentration of the co‐initiator, [TEA]. A suitable mechanism for the reaction is proposed to explain the kinetics of the reaction. © 1997 SCI.

show abstract

Tris(2,2′-bipyridine)Ruthenium(II)-Sensitized Photopolymerization of Acrylamide

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

Tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)- and Tris(2,2′-bipyrazine)ruthenium(II)-Sensitized Photopolymerization of Acrylamide

Tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)- and Tris(2,2′-bipyrazine)ruthenium(II)-Sensitized Photopolymerization of Acrylamide

Effects of Inorganic Anions on the Photopolymerization of Acrylamide Sensitized by 2,3-Butanedione in Aqueous Solutions

Photopolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Sensitized by Tris(2,2′-bipyridine)iron(III)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About