Tritium and neutron measurements from deuterated Pd-Si

Claytor, T.N.; Tuggle, D. G.; Menlove, H.O.; Seeger, P.A.; Doty, W. R.; Rohwer, R. K.

doi:10.1063/1.40668

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The nuclear reactions generating tritium and neutron in the CF materials had been confirmed by many investigators in one or two years after the first experiment by Fleischmann et al We can cite several papers where are detected tritium in deuterated CF materials as follows [3,9,10,11] and [12].…”

Section: Summary Of the Cold Fusion Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Cold Fusion Phenomenon – Nuclear Reactions in the CF Materials at Around Room Temperature

Kozima¹

2021

IJHEP

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Since the discovery of nuclear reactions in PdD x alloys at around room temperature in 1989, there have been accumulated very many experimental data sets showing existence of nuclear reactions in solid materials composed of transition metals and occluded hydrogen isotopes (let us call them the CF materials, for short) resulting in various nuclear products such as neutrons, tritium, transmuted nuclei, and others accompanied with large excess energies at relatively low temperatures up to 1000°C (let us call these whole events the cold fusion phenomenon (CFP), for short). As the cause of these nuclear reactions in the CFP, we have to accept the existence of the interactions between nuclei in the CF material through the nuclear force (let us call this interaction the nuclear-force interaction, for short) recognized its existence in the nucleus in the nuclear physics. We can classify the CF materials, i.e. materials where CFP occurs, into three groups: (1) metallic material including transition-metal hydrides (e.g. NiH x , AuH x ) and deuterides (e.g. PdD x , TiD x ), (2) carbonic material including hydrogen graphite (HC x ) and XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene) and (3) biological material including microorganisms, microbial cultures and biological tissues or organs. We will explain the characteristics of the CFP observed in each group in this paper. The nuclear reactions in the CF material gives rise to production of new particles from neutron, triton, and new nuclei with proton numbers Z up to 83 accompanying enormous excess energy. In addition to these events, there occurs the stabilization of unstable nuclei, including the decay-time shortening of radioactive nuclei, which is especially interesting to apply it to treat hazardous nuclear waste produced by the nuclear power plant. Finally, we give an overview of the CFP in relation to the solid state-nuclear physics and the solid state-nuclear chemistry where the nuclear-force interaction may play important roles to explain the riddles found but not given appropriate explanations in these old sciences hitherto.

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Section: Summary Of the Cold Fusion Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Cold Fusion Phenomenon – Nuclear Reactions in the CF Materials at Around Room Temperature

Kozima¹

2021

IJHEP

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“…Because the cell was taken to vacuum to rapidly remove deuterium absorbed in the palladium, the gas evolved was not available for tritium analysis. In this run, the neutron counts were separated into three groups of times: (1) When the palladium was placed in a deuterium atmosphere and therefore the deuterium was being absorbed, and current was run through the wire (an "in" run), (2) when no current was being sent through the wire, and the palladium remained in the deuterium atmosphere (a "stable" run), and (3) when current was sent through the palladium wire while it was placed under vacuum to rapidly drive deuterium out of the sample (an "out" run). Because the out runs appeared to have higher neutron outputs than the stable runs, with the in runs in between, we were encouraged to repeat the wire type of experiments.…”

Section: Experiments Runmentioning

confidence: 99%