Tritium incorporation in rats chronically exposed to tritiated food or tritiated water for three successive generations.

Pietrzak-Flis, Z.; Radwan, I.; Major, Z.; Kowalska, M. Anna

doi:10.1269/jrr.22.434

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The survival is here expressed in a percentage of control. Figure 1 also includes data obtained for 21 day-old rats in a previous study [18,19]. Experimental data were fitted to straight lines on the semi-log plot using a least-squares analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Survival of small oocytes in the ovaries of rats exposed continuously to HTO or T-food, shown as a function of the dose rate and the total accumulated dose. Symbols [] and O represent the data for the HTO and T-food groups, respectively, taken from [18,19] markedly higher than for the HTO exposure. However, it should be noted that the scatter of data was considerable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incorporation of tritium after chronic exposure to tritiated water and food has been extensively studied [4,10,13,17,19,22], while biological effects of tritium irradiation were studied mainly using tritiated water. The effect of tritiated food was examined only in a few works [18,20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of tritium in biochemical fractions was as follows: in proteins 49.9 + 0.5%, in nucleic acids 19.2 + 2.3%, in lipids 27.4 + 2.9% of total activity. The method of obtaining tritiated rabbit meat was presented elsewhere [19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the calculation it was assumed that this radioisotope was distributed uniformly throughout a volume of the tissue. Based on this assumption, the following formula was used to calculate dose rates: Dr = 7.74 x 10 -5 (kwc ~ + kdCd) Gy/day where 7.74 x 10 -5 = dose rate in Gy/day delivered to the tissue from tritium in the body at the concentration of 1 kBq/g or i kBq/ml, k w = fraction of water in ovaries, it was taken as equal to 0.722 + 0.030 [19], c u = tritium concentration in urine, kBq/ml, kd = dry fraction of ovaries, equal to 0.278 + 0.030 [19], c d = concentration of NET in ovaries, kBq/g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of lifetime intake of organically bound tritium and tritiated water on the oocytes of rats

Pietrzak-Flis

Wasilewska-Gomułka

1984

Radiat Environ Biophys

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Rats were continuously exposed to constant activity of tritium in drinking water (HTO group) or to tritium organically bound in food (T-food group) in the period from conception of F1 generation through maturity. Female offspring were killed at the age of 21 and 71 days and the oocytes in their ovaries were counted. Mean dose rates absorbed in the ovaries were for the HTO groups 7.25 +/- 0.37 and 14.73 +/- 0.79 mGy/day and for the T-food group 4.84 +/- 0.25 mGy/day. Reduction in the oocyte number in the ovaries of females exposed to tritiated food was bigger than in the ovaries of females exposed to tritiated water. The dependence of the survival of small oocytes on the dose rate and the corresponding total accumulated dose had an exponential character. The damaging effect of tritium was for the period from conception to 21 days of age bigger than from 21 to 71 days of age. Of all stages of oocyte development, the highest sensitivity to tritium irradiation was observed in small oocytes and oocytes with one complete layer of follicle cells. As a result, relative number of growing and large oocytes increased.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effect of lifetime intake of organically bound tritium and tritiated water on the oocytes of rats

Pietrzak-Flis

Wasilewska-Gomułka

1984

Radiat Environ Biophys

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Tritium level in Japanese diet and human tissue

Hisamatsu

Ohmura

Takizawa

et al. 1992

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Articles

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A metabolic derivation of tritium transfer coefficients in animal products

Galeriu¹,

Crout

Melintescu³

et al. 2001

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

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Tritium is a potentially important environmental contaminant originating from the nuclear industry, and its behaviour in the environment is controlled by that of hydrogen. Animal food products represent a potentially important source of tritium in the human diet and a number of transfer coefficient values for tritium transfer to a limited number of animal products are available. In this paper we present an approach for the derivation of tritium transfer coefficients which is based on the metabolism of hydrogen in animals. The derived transfer coefficients separately account for transfer to and from free (i.e. water) and organically bound tritium. A novel aspect of the approach is that tritium transfer can be predicted for any animal product for which the required metabolic input parameters are available. The predicted transfer coefficients are compared to available independent data. Agreement is good (R2=0.97) with the exception of the transfer coefficient for transfer from tritiated water to organically bound tritium in ruminants. This may be attributable to the particular characteristics of ruminant digestion. We show that tritium transfer coefficients will vary in response to the metabolic status of an animal (e.g. stage of lactation, diet digestibility etc.) and that the use of a single transfer coefficient from diet to animal product is inappropriate. It is possible to derive concentration ratio values from the estimated transfer coefficients which relate the concentration of tritiated water and organically bound tritium in an animal product to their respective concentrations in the animals diet. These concentration ratios are shown to be less subject to metabolic variation and may be more useful radioecological parameters than transfer coefficients. For tritiated water the concentration ratio shows little variation between animal products ranging from 0.59 to 0.82. In the case of organically bound tritium the concentration ratios vary between animal products from 0.15 (goat milk) to 0.67 (eggs).

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Tritium incorporation in rats chronically exposed to tritiated food or tritiated water for three successive generations.

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Effect of lifetime intake of organically bound tritium and tritiated water on the oocytes of rats

Effect of lifetime intake of organically bound tritium and tritiated water on the oocytes of rats

Tritium level in Japanese diet and human tissue

A metabolic derivation of tritium transfer coefficients in animal products

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