Trophic links of the song thrush (Turdus philomelos) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

Чаплыгина, А. Б.; Pakhomov, O. Y.; Brygadyrenko, V. V.

doi:10.15421/011908

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In the trophic relations of chaffinch and common species of birds of forest ecosystems, the highest values of indices of similarity were found with Erithacus rubecula (Linnaeus, 1858): 0.25 -Jaccard, 0.47 -Sørensen. In general, low values of the mentioned indices represent absence of overlapping of the trophic niches of F. coelebs with common species of birds of forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine (Chaplygina, 2016;Chaplygina et al, 2016aChaplygina et al, , 2016bChaplygina et al, , 2018Chaplygina et al, , 2019. Dominance of phytophage insects in the diet of F. coelebs and their high share in the forest park (TP3) indicates the possibility of involvement of the birds in forest plantations of urban landscapes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since it is impractical to monitor all ecosystem components, a few individual species or groups of species can be used as indicators of wider conditions. To monitor changes, birds are often used, since their mobility makes them convenient indicators of the environment (Gregory et al, 2003;Blair & Johnson, 2008;Bulakhov et al, 2008;Chaplygina et al, 2019). Bioindicators are also the best tools to measure the progress made in biodiversity conservation, to assess the impacts and threats to biodiversity, to evaluate sustainable use of biodiversity (Chaplygina, 2000(Chaplygina, , 2009Dranga et al, 2016;Gorlov et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in habitats at nesting sites are potential causes of a decrease in the number of birds during nesting (Kirby et al, 2005;Paker et al, 2014). Consequently, they lead to the decline in invertebrates and the loss of feeding habitats for ground-foraging birds (Chaplygina, 2016;Markova, 2016;Chaplygina et al, 2019). One of the ways to support the species number and improve the foraging and distribution conditions is suburban river catchments, proposed in South Africa (Suri et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic links of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

et al. 2020

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The сhaffinch (Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758; Passeriformes, Fringillidae) is one of the most colourful forest species of birds living in Europe, West Asia and North Africa. The diet of this species was studied as a contribution to the conservation of the population of this species in transformed forests of the north-eastern part of Ukraine. Four forest ecosystems were studied: three model sites in oak forests, transformed under intensive recreation pressure, and one model site in a pine-oak forest. A total of 39 invertebrate taxa, dominated by Insecta (93.0%) were found. The orders Coleoptera (32.6%) and Lepidoptera (63.5%) prevailed in the diet of finch nestlings, the highest number of taxa (52.3–76.2%) was represented by phytophages. The phytophagous species also constituted the majority of the consumed prey items (44.0–55.6%). Environmental conditions provided an important effect on the diet structure. The most favourable foraging conditions for the species were found in protected natural areas. According to the analysis, the finch foraging efficiency was similar in all the studied sites. The highest biodiversity indices were found in a protected area of Homilshanski Forests National Nature Park. Results of the research have indicated the crucial role of Fringilla coelebs in the population management of potentially dangerous agricultural pests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic links of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

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“…The species assemblage of a community is the result of the interaction of evolutionary and ecological mechanisms (Ricklefs, 1987) and the latter being reflected in the niche-dependent (Tilman, 1982;Weiher & Keddy, 1999;Zimaroeva et al, 2015), neutral (Bell, 2001;Hubbell, 2001) and historical (Ricklefs, 1987;Ricklefs & Schluter, 1993) processes. Information about the phylogeny is suggested to be able to decide problems with estimation of the relative role of ecological niche, neutral and historical processes in formation of community structures (Cavender-Bares et al, 2009;Dranga et al, 2016;Gorlov et al, 2016;Chaplygina et al, 2018Chaplygina et al, , 2019. Species richness is the commonest approach to quantifying community taxonomic diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal dynamic of the phylogenetic diversity of the bird community of agricultural lands in Ukrainian steppe drylands

et al. 2020

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This study discussed the importance of the phylogenetic components in the structure of bird communities of anthropogenically transformed ecosystems. The investigation was conducted in the landscapes of the south and south-east of Ukraine in the nesting seasons 1988–2018. The bird community in the agricultural landscape was found to be presented by 10 species. The number of species was closely correlated with its phylogenetic analogue – Faith’s index. Both indices were stationary over time, as they do not show a statistically significant time trend. The two axes were extracted as a result of the DPCOA procedure and the permutation test showed their statistical significance. The axis 1 was the most sensitive to the opposite dynamics of the abundance of Coturnix coturnix and Burhinus oedicnemus on the one hand and Alauda arvensis and Melanocorypha calandra on the other. The axis 2 is the most sensitive to the opposite dynamics of Corvus monedula and Melanocorypha calandra on the one hand and Coturnix coturnix and Motacilla flava on the other. Based on phylogenetic diversity, the years can be clustered with the extraction of four relatively homogeneous phylogenetic structures of bird communities. The indicator of the initial period of dynamics (1988–1992) was Burhinus oedicnemus. Sowing or mechanical weeding may be considered as a major factor of nest destruction of Burhinus oedicnemus. The decreasing of the abundance of the trophic recourses because of agricultural activity may have caused the monotonous negative trend over time of the Burhinus oedicnemus populations. The period 1993–2003 was a transitional one, for which there were no clear indicators, as a characteristic feature of this period was the processes of bird community restructuring. The period 2004–2013 was characterized by the loss of Burhinus oedicnemus from the community and a sharp increase in the abundance of Corvus monedula. These species are distinguished by their phylogenetic specificity and are located on the periphery relative to the phylogenetic core of the community. There was growing importance in the community of such species as Alauda arvensis, Anthus campestris, and Melanocorypha calandra between 2014 and 2018. Our results also confirm the assumption that phylogenetic overdispersion is an important requirement for the stability of the bird community in anthropogenically transformed landscapes.

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“…In approximately 60% of bird species, adults do not have pronounced sexual dimorphism, that is, males and females are practically indistinguishable externally. The absence of pronounced sexual dimorphism in birds makes it difficult to study their behaviour, specific nutrition, and other important aspects of biology and ecology (Chaplygina et al, 2018(Chaplygina et al, , 2019. The use of morpho-metric analysis becomes more complicated when the body size and colour of feathers changes depending on regions and different geographical areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex identification of different species of wild birds using a single universal protocol to the bird sexing method based on gene polymorphism

Rudaуа

Katerynych

Drahulian³

et al. 2020

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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This article presents an elaboration of the protocol for the method of sexing wild birds based on the polymorphism of the CHD gene using P2/P8 primer for Common Pheasant – Phasianus colchicus (Linnaeus, 1758; Galliformes, Phasianidae); Silver Lofur or Silver Pheasant – Lophura nycthemera (Linnaeus, 1758; Galliformes, Phasianidae), Budgerigar – Melopsittacus undulatus (Shaw, 1805; Psittaciformes, Psittacidae), Herring Gull – Larus argentatus (Pontoppidan, 1763; Charadriiformes, Laridae), and White Stork – Ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus, 1758; Ciconiiformes, Ciconiidae). Blood samples were taken from Common Pheasant, Silver Pheasant and White Stork using the “drop of blood on paper” method. For the Budgerigar and the Herring Gull, DNA was isolated from the feather follicle. To isolate DNA, a commercial NeoPrep 100 DNA reagent kit (Neogen, Ukraine) was used. Primers P2/P8 were used for PCR; PCR was performed using GenPac PCR Core reagents (Neogen, Ukraine). We selected the optimal amount of Tag polymerase, the amount of DNA and primers and, according to the amount of reagents, set acceptable amplification modes and electrophoresis agarose gel percentage. Prior to PCR, additional DNA gel electrophoresis purification is proposed, which increases the percentage of positive sex determination results. It was found that the ideal mixture for the 5 bird species was an amplification mixture (total volume 20 µL, containing 1 U Tag polymerase, 100 ng DNA and 0.6 µM of each primer). The amplified CHD-Z fragment of Common and Silver pheasants is of ~340 n. p., CHD-W ~360 n. p. Herring Gull and Budgerigar have ~350 n. p. of CHD-Z length, and ~400 n. p. of CHD-W length, White Stork has its CHD-Z of ~ 370 n. p. long. It is advisable to investigate the genome of the experimental bird species using horizontal electrophoresis in agar’s gel with the concentration of 5%, which makes it possible to clearly visualize the female genotype. The universal protocol of the method of sex determination based on polymorphism of the CHD gene for the 5 studied bird species is described. These results of the study led to the conclusion that for the simultaneous sexing of several species of birds, it is advisable to develop a unified protocol for determining the status of the CHD gene, with the aim of clarifying the gender, as well as new approaches in ornithology and ecology aimed at determining interspecific differences associated with gene polymorphism. Identification of differences in fragment sizes may be useful for identifying the species in cases when birds form mixed pairings for taxonomic and phylogenetic comparisons.

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Trophic links of the song thrush (Turdus philomelos) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Trophic links of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

Trophic links of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

Temporal dynamic of the phylogenetic diversity of the bird community of agricultural lands in Ukrainian steppe drylands

Sex identification of different species of wild birds using a single universal protocol to the bird sexing method based on gene polymorphism

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