Tropical Food Legumes

Hema, M.; Sreenivasulu, P.; Patil, Basavaprabhu L.; Kumar, P. Lava; Reddy, D. V. R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801246-8.00009-3

Cited by 49 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 265 publications

(297 reference statements)

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“…Plant virus-associated VANA-reads were found from 16.66% (12/72) of the cowpea seedlings grown in an insect-proof growth chamber in France (UMR BGPI, CIRAD, Montpellier). While eight cowpea-infecting viruses (BCMV-BlCM, CABMV, SCPMV, CPMoV, CPMV, CPSMV, CPMMV and CMV) are reported to be potentially seed-transmissible (reviewed in [ 55 ]), only potyvirus-related reads were obtained from the cultivars Nafi, Tiligré, Yiis-yandé, Kvx61-1 and the unknown Togo cultivar ( S1 Table ). The rate of seedlings infected by potyviruses was highly variable and ranged from 0% to 100% for specific cultivars.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic-Based Screening and Molecular Characterization of Cowpea-Infecting Viruses in Burkina Faso

et al. 2016

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Cowpea, (Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp)) is an annual tropical grain legume. Often referred to as “poor man’s meat”, cowpea is one of the most important subsistence legumes cultivated in West Africa due to the high protein content of its seeds. However, African cowpea production can be seriously constrained by viral diseases that reduce yields. While twelve cowpea-infecting viruses have been reported from Africa, only three of these have so-far been reported from Burkina Faso. Here we use a virion-associated nucleic acids (VANA)-based metagenomics method to screen for the presence of cowpea viruses from plants collected from the three agro-climatic zones of Burkina Faso. Besides the three cowpea-infecting virus species which have previously been reported from Burkina Faso (Cowpea aphid borne mosaic virus [Family Potyviridae], the Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus—a strain of Bean common mosaic virus—[Family Potyviridae] and Cowpea mottle virus [Family Tombusviridae]) five additional viruses were identified: Southern cowpea mosaic virus (Sobemovirus genus), two previously uncharacterised polerovirus-like species (Family Luteoviridae), a previously uncharacterised tombusvirus-like species (Family Tombusviridae) and a previously uncharacterised mycotymovirus-like species (Family Tymoviridae). Overall, potyviruses were the most prevalent cowpea viruses (detected in 65.5% of samples) and the Southern Sudan zone of Burkina Faso was found to harbour the greatest degrees of viral diversity and viral prevalence. Partial genome sequences of the two novel polerovirus-like and tombusvirus-like species were determined and RT-PCR primers were designed for use in Burkina Faso to routinely detect all of these cowpea-associated viruses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic-Based Screening and Molecular Characterization of Cowpea-Infecting Viruses in Burkina Faso

et al. 2016

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“…This is the first report on the development of transgenic cowpea plants resistant to a geminivirus. MYMIV is known infects several legumes in India [ 7 ], and therefore our strategy could be implemented to develop MYMIV resistance in other important legumes of Indian subcontinent including mungbean and soybean. This study encourages the use of RNAi-technology for the effective control of plant viruses in diverse crop plants without risking negative effect on the ideotype of the crop plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cowpea production suffers losses due to virus infection ranging from 10 to 100% [ 5 ]. More than 140 viruses are reported in cowpea, of which 20 viruses are known to have widespread distribution [ 6 – 7 ] and their infection often results in severe yield losses [ 8 ]. In sub-Saharan Africa, cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CPCMV), cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV), cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV), and cowpea chlorotic mosaic virus (CCMV) are most prevalent in cowpea [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi-derived transgenic resistance to Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus in cowpea

et al. 2017

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Cowpea is an important grain legume crop of Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. Leaf curl and golden mosaic diseases caused by Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) have emerged as most devastating viral diseases of cowpea in Southeast Asia. In this study, we employed RNA interference (RNAi) strategy to control cowpea-infecting MYMIV. For this, we generated transgenic cowpea plants harbouring three different intron hairpin RNAi constructs, containing the AC2, AC4 and fusion of AC2 and AC4 (AC2+AC4) of seven cowpea-infecting begomoviruses. The T 0 and T 1 transgenic cowpea lines of all the three constructs accumulated transgene-specific siRNAs. Transgenic plants were further assayed up to T 1 generations, for resistance to MYMIV using agro-infectious clones. Nearly 100% resistance against MYMIV infection was observed in transgenic lines, expressing AC2-hp and AC2+AC4-hp RNA, when compared with untransformed controls and plants transformed with empty vectors, which developed severe viral disease symptoms within 3 weeks. The AC4-hp RNA expressing lines displayed appearance of milder symptoms after 5 weeks of MYMIV-inoculation. Northern blots revealed a positive correlation between the level of transgene-specific siRNAs accumulation and virus resistance. The MYMIV-resistant transgenic lines accumulated nearly zero or very low titres of viral DNA. The transgenic cowpea plants had normal phenotype with no yield penalty in greenhouse conditions. This is the first demonstration of RNAi-derived resistance to MYMIV in cowpea.

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“…Cultivated legumes are known to be susceptible to natural infection by a plethora of viruses. Several comprehensive publications have reviewed the viruses affecting specific legume crops or production areas (i.e., [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]). However, the number of legume viruses identified continues to increase in the light of ongoing research, while in the era of metagenomics analysis, the application of new molecular technologies and high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies contribute highly to the discovery of new viruses [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Annotated List of Legume-Infecting Viruses in the Light of Metagenomics

Chatzivassiliou

2021

Plants

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Legumes, one of the most important sources of human food and animal feed, are known to be susceptible to a plethora of plant viruses. Many of these viruses cause diseases which severely impact legume production worldwide. The causal agents of some important virus-like diseases remain unknown. In recent years, high-throughput sequencing technologies have enabled us to identify many new viruses in various crops, including legumes. This review aims to present an updated list of legume-infecting viruses. Until 2020, a total of 168 plant viruses belonging to 39 genera and 16 families, officially recognized by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), were reported to naturally infect common bean, cowpea, chickpea, faba-bean, groundnut, lentil, peas, alfalfa, clovers, and/or annual medics. Several novel legume viruses are still pending approval by ICTV. The epidemiology of many of the legume viruses are of specific interest due to their seed-transmission and their dynamic spread by insect-vectors. In this review, major aspects of legume virus epidemiology and integrated control approaches are also summarized.

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Tropical Food Legumes

Cited by 49 publications

References 265 publications

Metagenomic-Based Screening and Molecular Characterization of Cowpea-Infecting Viruses in Burkina Faso

Metagenomic-Based Screening and Molecular Characterization of Cowpea-Infecting Viruses in Burkina Faso

RNAi-derived transgenic resistance to Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus in cowpea

An Annotated List of Legume-Infecting Viruses in the Light of Metagenomics

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