Trypanosomosis in hunting dogs in kaduna, north central Nigeria: implications on the disease in humans

Samdi, S. M.; Abenga, J. N.; Kalgo, A M

doi:10.4314/jbi.v4i1.30409

Cited by 4 publications

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“…In further agreement with previous reports [ 8 , 13 ], the presence of either T. b. brucei or T. b. rhodesiense infections in dogs was characterized by relatively higher parasitaemia and in some cases bilateral corneal opacity, unlike monolytic infections with T. congolense . As previously reported [ 8 , 11 , 13 , 22 , 23 ], the loss of vision in dogs due to corneal opacity seems to be associated with monolytic or mixed infections with T. brucei subspecies. Dogs with corneal opacity were 18 times more likely to be CAT infected than the dogs with normal vision (OR 18; 95% CI: 1.2 – 267.3; p = 0.037).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

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Determination of the prevalence of African trypanosome species in indigenous dogs of Mambwe district, eastern Zambia, by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

et al. 2014

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BackgroundDogs have been implicated to serve as links for parasite exchange between livestock and humans and remain an important source of emerging and re-emerging diseases including trypanosome infections. Yet, canine African trypanosomosis (CAT), particularly in indigenous dogs (mongrel breed) remains under- reported in literature. This study evaluated the performance of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in detecting trypanosomes in blood from indigenous dogs of tsetse-infested Mambwe district in eastern Zambia.MethodsA cross sectional survey of CAT was conducted within 5 chiefdoms (Msoro, Kakumbi, Munkanya, Nsefu, Malama) of Mambwe district, eastern Zambia, during October 2012. Blood samples from 237 indigenous hunting dogs were collected and screened by microscopy and LAMP.ResultsOf the 237 dogs screened for CAT, 14 tested positive by microscopy (5.9%; 95% CI: 2.9 – 8.9%), all of which also tested positive by LAMP. In addition, LAMP detected 6 additional CAT cases, bringing the total cases detected by LAMP to 20 (8.4%; 95% CI: 4.9 – 12.0%). Irrespective of the detection method used, CAT was only recorded from 3 chiefdoms (Munkanya, Nsefu, Malama) out of the 5. According to LAMP, these infections were caused by Trypanosoma congolense, Trypanosoma brucei brucei and the zoonotic Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Although these CAT cases generally did not manifest clinical illness, an association was observed between infection with Trypanosoma brucei subspecies and occurrence of corneal opacity.ConclusionsThis communication reports for the first time the occurrence of CAT in indigenous Zambian dogs. Our study indicates that LAMP is a potential diagnostic tool for trypanosome detection in animals. LAMP was more sensitive than microscopy and was further capable of distinguishing the closely related T. b. brucei and T. b. rhodesiense. In view of the sporadic cases of re-emerging HAT being reported within the Luangwa valley, detection of the human serum resistant associated (SRA) gene in trypanosomes from mongrels is intriguing and indicative of the risk of contracting HAT by local communities and tourists in Mambwe district. Consequently, there is a need for continuous trypanosome surveillances in animals, humans and tsetse flies using sensitive and specific tests such as LAMP.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Nonetheless, the majority of those dogs were either asymptomatic or only exhibited mild signs, with no cases of acute CAT. As such, they could serve as reservoirs of infection for other domestic animals and humans [ 5 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the prevalence of African trypanosome species in indigenous dogs of Mambwe district, eastern Zambia, by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

et al. 2014

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“…The disease can also be caused by T. cruzi the cause of American Trypanosomosis known as Chagas disease in humans (Jimenez-Coelle et al, 2010;Tola and Muniz, 2010;Cohen and Gurtler, 2001;Doyle, 2006). Dogs are also infected by Trypanosoma b. rhodesiense and Trypanosoma b. gambiense of man (Samdi et al, 2006). It serves as reservoirs and maintenance of infection in humans vice versa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on trypanosomosis in dogs and cats

Nwoha¹

2013

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Trypanosoma brucei brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma congolense were initially thought to be the only species of trypanosomes capable of causing diseases in dogs and cats. However, dogs and cats are challenged by diverse species of trypanosomes with varying virulence and pathogenicity. Dogs may develop clinical trypanosomosis by infection with Trypanosoma evansi but are refractory to Trypanosoma rangeli of man. Recently, a new species, Trypanosoma caninum, of unknown pathogenicity and mode of transmission has been reported in dogs. This review describes canine trypanosomosis as an entity of two types, African and American trypanosomosis. It describes the different species involved in each type of the disease condition, the emerging strains, the biological cycle, distribution, clinical symptoms, the pathology and treatment of various species of canine trypanosomes. It also describes different basic diagnostic techniques currently in use and progress towards development of vaccine.

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Man’s best friend and our shared infectious diseases

et al. 2022

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This review categorizes 62 zoonoses humans share with dogs based on their clinical, public health importance, and global distribution. Three categories were identified. Category 1 comprise the most widespread and public health important zoonoses and includes 13 zoonoses where dogs play an essential role in the maintenance and transmission of the infectious organisms. This category comprises Rabies lyssavirus , Leptospirosis, Leishmania, Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei spp ., Clonorchis sinsensis, Opisthorchis viverrini, Paragonimus spp ., Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis, Taenia multiceps, Dracunculus medinensis, Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma spp ., and Strongyloides stercoralis. Category 2 includes 24 zoonoses of lesser public health importance in which human or dog behavior plays a major role in transmission. Category 2 includes, Microsporum spp ., Prevotella spp ., Bacteroides spp ., Porphyromonas spp ., Bergeyella zoohelcum, Neisseria spp ., Pasteurella spp ., Capnocytophaga canimorsus, Staphylococcus spp ., Streptococcus spp ., Salmonella spp ., Anaplasma spp ., Ehrlichia spp ., Borrelia spp ., Rickettsia spp ., Yersina pestis, Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp ., Toxoplasma gondii, Dibothriocephalus latum, Spirometra spp ., Schistosoma spp ., Echinococcus canadensis, and Sarcoptes scabei var canis. Category 3 includes human infection where the zoonotic infection link is rare but has occasionally implicated dogs. This category includes SARS-CoV-2, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycobacterium spp ., Corynebacterium spp ., Coxiella burnetti, Helicobacter spp. , Campylobacter spp ., Brucella canis, Balantioides coli, Blastocystis hominis, Bacillus anthracis, Dipylidium caninum, Taenia spp ., Trichuris vulpis, Gnathostoma spp ., Thelazia spp ., Dirofilaria spp ., Onchocera lupi, Heterophyes heterophyes, Metagonimus spp. , Fasciolopsis buski, Ctenocephalides felis, Cheyletiella spp ., Otodectes cynotis , and Cochliomya homnivorax . Changes in human behavior and control of canine infection would reduce the public health importance of these zoonoses.

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Trypanosomosis in hunting dogs in kaduna, north central Nigeria: implications on the disease in humans

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Determination of the prevalence of African trypanosome species in indigenous dogs of Mambwe district, eastern Zambia, by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

Determination of the prevalence of African trypanosome species in indigenous dogs of Mambwe district, eastern Zambia, by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

A review on trypanosomosis in dogs and cats

Man’s best friend and our shared infectious diseases

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